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  2. Rate equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rate_equation

    The tentative rate equation determined by the method of initial rates is therefore normally verified by comparing the concentrations measured over a longer time (several half-lives) with the integrated form of the rate equation; this assumes that the reaction goes to completion. For example, the integrated rate law for a first-order reaction is

  3. Poincaré–Lindstedt method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poincaré–Lindstedt_method

    The following solutions for the zeroth and first order problem in ... Example: Mathieu equation. This is an example of parametric resonance.

  4. Order of approximation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_approximation

    In the zeroth-order example above, the quantity "a few" was given, but in the first-order example, the number "4" is given. A first-order approximation of a function (that is, mathematically determining a formula to fit multiple data points) will be a linear approximation, straight line with a slope: a polynomial of degree 1. For example:

  5. Zero order - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero_order

    Zero order reaction. Zero-order process (statistics), a sequence of random variables, each independent of the previous ones; Zero order process (chemistry), a chemical reaction in which the rate of change of concentration is independent of the concentrations; Zeroth-order approximation, an approximation of a function by a constant

  6. Homotopy analysis method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homotopy_analysis_method

    Therefore, as q increases from 0 to 1, the solution U(x; q) of the zeroth-order deformation equation varies (or deforms) from the chosen initial guess u 0 (x) to the solution u(x) of the considered nonlinear equation. Expanding U(x; q) in a Taylor series about q = 0, we have the homotopy-Maclaurin series

  7. Zero-based numbering - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero-based_numbering

    The Swiss Federal Railways number certain classes of rolling stock from zero, for example, Re 460 000 to 118. In the realm of fiction, Isaac Asimov eventually added a Zeroth Law to his Three Laws of Robotics, essentially making them four laws. A standard roulette wheel contains the number 0 as well as 1-36. It appears in green, so is classed as ...

  8. Rate-determining step - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rate-determining_step

    As an example, consider the gas-phase reaction NO 2 + CO → NO + CO 2.If this reaction occurred in a single step, its reaction rate (r) would be proportional to the rate of collisions between NO 2 and CO molecules: r = k[NO 2][CO], where k is the reaction rate constant, and square brackets indicate a molar concentration.

  9. Continuous stirred-tank reactor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous_stirred-tank...

    Depending on the order of the reaction, the reaction rate, r A, is generally dependent on the concentration of species A in the reactor and the rate constant. A key assumption when modeling a CSTR is that any reactant in the fluid is perfectly (i.e. uniformly) mixed in the reactor, implying that the concentration within the reactor is the same ...