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A hydrometer calibrated to read specific gravity relative to water at 60 °F (16 °C) is a standard tool for servicing automobile batteries. Tables are used to correct the reading to the standard temperature.
The weight of the object in the fluid is reduced, because of the force acting on it, which is called upthrust. In simple terms, the principle states that the buoyant force (F b) on an object is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object, or the density of the fluid multiplied by the submerged volume (V) times the gravity (g) [1] [3]
The procedure, pioneered by Behnke, Feen and Welham as means to later quantify the relation between specific gravity and the fat content, [1] is based on Archimedes' principle, which states that: The buoyant force which water exerts on an immersed object is equal to the weight of water that the object displaces.
+100 °Bé (specific gravity, 3.325) would be among the densest fluids known (except some liquid metals), such as diiodomethane. Near 0 °Bé would be approximately the density of water. −100 °Bé (specific gravity, 0.615) would be among the lightest fluids known, such as liquid butane .
The elevator paradox relates to a hydrometer placed on an "elevator" or vertical conveyor that, by moving to different elevations, changes the atmospheric pressure. In this classic demonstration, the floating hydrometer remains at an equilibrium position. Essentially, a hydrometer measures specific gravity of liquids independent of barometric ...
A United States Navy Aviation boatswain's mate tests the specific gravity of JP-5 fuel. Relative density, also called specific gravity, [1] [2] is a dimensionless quantity defined as the ratio of the density (mass of a unit volume) of a substance to the density of a given reference material.
The fluid displaced has a weight W = mg, where g is acceleration due to gravity. Therefore, the weight of the displaced fluid can be expressed as W = ρVg. The weight of an object or substance can be measured by floating a sufficiently buoyant receptacle in the cylinder and noting the water level.
Check weigher measures precise weight of items in a conveyor line, rejecting underweight or overweight objects. Inertial balance; Katharometer; Mass spectrometers measure the mass-to-charge ratio, not the mass, of ionised particles. Weighing scale; For the ranges of mass-values see: Orders of magnitude (mass)