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Later, it was found to be linked to conifer disease by Robert Hartig in 1874, and was renamed Fomes annosus by H. Karsten. Its current name of Heterobasidion annosum was given by Brefeld in 1888. Heterobasidion annosum causes one of the most destructive diseases of conifers. [1] The disease caused by the fungus is named annosus root rot.
Heterobasidion annosum sensu lato is a collection of the several species that cause Heterobasidion root disease and butt rot of forest trees and occasionally those in landscape plantings across the Northern Hemisphere. These fungi can be saprotrophic or necrotrophic, colonizing nonliving heartwood or living roots. Numerous tree species have ...
Classic root disease center symptoms for H. irregulare. Many woody plant species have been reported as hosts for H. irregulare.Hosts consist of pines and some other conifers and hardwoods, including ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa), [3] shortleaf pine (Pinus echinata), red pine (Pinus resinosa), [4] incense-cedar (Calocedrus decurrens), western juniper (Juniperus occidentalis), and Manzanita ...
Root rot is a condition in which anoxic conditions in the soil or potting media around the roots of a plant cause them to rot. This occurs due to excessive standing water around the roots. [ 1 ] It is found in both indoor and outdoor plants, although it is more common in indoor plants due to overwatering, heavy potting media, or containers with ...
A dense cluster of fruit bodies growing on a rotting stump. Several studies have shown that the spread of Armillaria root rot in eucalypt forests is associated with infected stumps that remain after an area has been logged. [28] [29] [30] Armillaria luteobubalina can persist on these stumps, using them as a source of food for up to 25 or more ...
Rhizoctonia solani root rot on corn roots, magnified 0.63X. Damping off can be prevented or controlled in several different ways. Sowing seeds in a sterilized growing medium can be effective, although fungal spores may still be introduced to the medium, either on the seeds themselves or after sowing (in water or on the wind).
Armillaria can remain viable in stumps for 50 years. Chemical treatments do not eradicate the fungus entirely, and they are not cost-effective. The most frequent and effective approach to managing root disease problems is to attempt to control them at final harvest by replanting site-suited tree species that are disease tolerant.
To prevent further spread, regulate irrigation to avoid water stress, keep the root collar dry, control defoliating pathogens, remove stumps, fertilize adequately, avoid physical root damage and soil compaction, and don't plant trees that are especially susceptible to the disease in places where Armillaria mellea has been recorded. [22]