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The Klaipėda Revolt was the last armed conflict in Lithuania before World War II. [108] The Second Seimas of Lithuania, elected in May 1923, was the only Seimas in independent Lithuania that served its full term. The Seimas continued the land reform, introduced social support systems, and started repaying foreign debt.
Some scholars, however, challenge this perception, arguing that an organized state existed before Mindaugas, [2] possibly as early as 1183. [3] After quelling an internal war with his nephews, Mindaugas was baptized in 1251, and was crowned as King of Lithuania in 1253. In 1261, he broke the peace with the Livonian Order, perhaps even ...
This is a list of wars, armed conflicts and rebellions involving Lithuania throughout its history as a kingdom (1251–1263), grand duchy (1236–1251; 1263–1795, although part of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth during 1569–1795) and a modern republic (1918–1940; 1990 – present), including as well the uprisings of the 19th and 20th centuries to recreate Lithuanian statehood.
Lithuania, [b] officially the Republic of Lithuania, [c] is a country in the Baltic region of Europe. [d] It is one of three Baltic states and lies on the eastern shore of the Baltic Sea, bordered by Latvia to the north, Belarus to the east and south, Poland to the south, and the Russian semi-exclave of Kaliningrad Oblast to the southwest, with a maritime border with Sweden to the west.
During the 13th century the Duchy of Lithuania was bordered by Slavic lands. The Slavs did not create the name; they used the existing Lithuanian ethnonym. [3] The Lithuanian diphthong-ie- has, in Slavic languages, shifted to the vowel-i- (и), and the short -u- became extra-short (reduced) -ŭ- which, being unstressed, later disappeared from the East Slavic, hence Litva.
The conflict started when Lucjan Żeligowski captured Vilnius and establishmed the Polish puppet state known as the Republic of Central Lithuania, Żeligowski advanced into Lithuania and was defeated at Giedraičiai and on November 19, Żeligowski proposed to the Control Commission, led by Chardigny, to cease hostilities.
The Grand Duchy of Lithuania was a sovereign state in northeastern Europe that existed from the 13th century, [5] succeeding the Kingdom of Lithuania, to the late 18th century, [6] when the territory was suppressed during the 1795 partitions of Poland–Lithuania.
When World War II was near its end in 1944 and the Nazis retreated, the Soviet Union reoccupied Lithuania. On 11 March 1990, Lithuania became the first Baltic republic to declare its restored independence after 50 years of Soviet occupation. Lithuania became a full member of the Schengen Agreement on 21 December 2007. [3]