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Extreme levels of consumption can cause alcohol poisoning and death; a concentration in the blood stream of 0.36% will kill half of those affected. [2] [3] [4] Alcohol may also cause death indirectly by asphyxiation, caused from vomiting. Alcohol can greatly exacerbate sleep problems.
Alcohol tolerance is increased by regular drinking. [1] This reduced sensitivity to the physical effects of alcohol consumption requires that higher quantities of alcohol be consumed in order to achieve the same effects as before tolerance was established. Alcohol tolerance may lead to (or be a sign of) alcohol dependence. [1]
Alcohol intoxication leads to negative health effects due to the recent drinking of large amount of ethanol (alcohol). [ 6 ] [ 20 ] When severe it may become a medical emergency . Some effects of alcohol intoxication, such as euphoria and lowered social inhibition , are central to alcohol's desirability.
[37] [38] Nausea is a symptom common to both alcohol intolerance and alcohol allergy. [35] Remarkably, inhaled isopropyl alcohol can be used to provide nausea and vomiting relief. [39] [40] Alcohol intolerance and alcohol allergy, while often confused due to their overlapping symptoms, have distinct biological mechanisms.
[1] [2] These effects are caused by accumulation of acetaldehyde, a major but toxic metabolite of alcohol formed by the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase. [1] [2] The reaction has been variously termed a disulfiram-like reaction, alcohol intolerance, and acetaldehyde syndrome. [3]
Alcohol education is the practice of disseminating information about the effects of alcohol on health, as well as society and the family unit. [72] It was introduced into the public schools by temperance organizations such as the Woman's Christian Temperance Union in the late 19th century. [ 72 ]
The adverse effects of alcohol on health are most significant when it is used in excessive quantities or with heavy frequency. However, some of them, such as increased risk of certain cancers, may occur even with light or moderate alcohol consumption. [19] [20] In high amounts, alcohol may cause loss of consciousness or, in severe cases, death.
Signs of alcohol abuse are related to alcohol's effects on organ systems. However, while these findings are often present, they are not necessary to make a diagnosis of alcohol abuse. Alcohol use disorder causes acute central nervous system depression which leads to inebriation, euphoria, impulsivity, sedation and poor judgment. Chronic alcohol ...