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Meaning: Bel, protect the king Bethlehem (Beth Lehem) (This is the biblical birthplace of Jesus Christ. However some scholars believe he was born in Nazareth. See the main article for more information.) Village 1400 BC: Village name during the kingdoms of Israel, Judah until the Siege of Jerusalem (930 BC to 587 BC):
The Tetragrammaton in Phoenician (12th century BCE to 150 BCE), Paleo-Hebrew (10th century BCE to 135 CE), and square Hebrew (3rd century BCE to present) scripts. The Tetragrammaton [note 1] is the four-letter Hebrew theonym יהוה (transliterated as YHWH or YHVH), the name of God in the Hebrew Bible.
In Psalm 19:15 of the Hebrew Bible, God is referred to as the "Lord, my Rock and my Redeemer". [3] In religious terms, the "Rock" means God, who protects the Jewish people and is the center of their faith, which defines their identity and consciousness. The term indicates the trust and faith of people in God, who is immutable.
This is seen as appropriate for weekdays, when men go in and out in their weekday pursuits, and come in need of divine protection. [2] On Shabbat and Jewish holidays, an alternate version of this blessing is recited. The blessing is ended with the words "Who spreads the shelter of peace upon us, upon all of his people Israel, and Jerusalem."
In casual conversation some Jews, even when not speaking Hebrew, will call God HaShem (השם), which is Hebrew for 'the Name' (compare Leviticus 24:11 and Deuteronomy 28:58). When written, it is often abbreviated to ה׳. Likewise, when quoting from the Tanakh or prayers, some pious Jews will replace Adonai with HaShem.
Biblical scholar Christine Hayes writes that the Hebrew Bible was "the record of [the Israelites'] religious and cultural revolution". [20] According to biblical scholar John Barton, "YHWH is consistently presented throughout the [Hebrew Scriptures] as the God who created the world, and as the only God with whom Israel is to be concerned". [19]
The Ketef Hinnom scrolls, also described as Ketef Hinnom amulets, are the oldest surviving texts currently known from the Hebrew Bible, dated to c. 600 BCE. [2] The text, written in the Paleo-Hebrew script (not the Babylonian square letters of the modern Hebrew alphabet, more familiar to most modern readers), is from the Book of Numbers in the Hebrew Bible, and has been described as "one of ...
The main points that are the object of controversy are the following: 1. The oldest version of a gospel in Hebrew language.Hebrew Matthew has been preserved in the book XII or XIII (according to the two recensions of the piece of religious controversy “The Touchstone” of Shem Tob Ibn Shaprut) [4] of the most significant manuscripts which have lasted to our times.