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The World Health Organization (WHO) published the WHO Surgical Safety Checklist in 2008 in order to increase the safety of patients undergoing surgery. [1] The checklist serves to remind the surgical team of important items to be performed before and after the surgical procedure in order to reduce adverse events such as surgical site infections or retained instruments. [1]
In 2013, Pronovost co-founded Doctella, a startup that provides surgical checklists for patients to improve patient engagement, patient safety, and lead to better health outcomes. [16] Also in 2013, Pronovost advocated for a system of alcohol and drug testing for doctors in a Journal of the American Medical Association article. [17] [18]
Sepsis was the most expensive condition treated in United States' hospital stays in 2013, at an aggregate cost of $23.6 billion for nearly 1.3 million hospitalizations. [132] Costs for sepsis hospital stays more than quadrupled since 1997 with an 11.5 percent annual increase. [133]
Food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) is a dietary assessment tool delivered as a questionnaire to estimate frequency and, in some cases, portion size information about food and beverage consumption over a specified period of time, typically the past month, three months, or year. [1]
For every hour a patient is denied AB therapy after the onset of septic shock, the patient's chance of survival is reduced by 7.9% (Survivesepsis.org 2005). The 2012 guidelines differ: Administration of broad-spectrum antimicrobials therapy within 1 hr of recognition of septic shock (1B) and severe sepsis without septic shock. [7]
As a result, patient safety has emerged as a distinct healthcare discipline, supported by an immature yet developing scientific framework. There is a significant transdisciplinary body of theoretical and research literature that informs the science of patient safety, [3] with mobile health apps becoming an increasingly important area of study. [4]
An example is the WHO Surgical Safety Checklist developed for the World Health Organization and found to have a large effect on improving patient safety. [11] According to a meta-analysis after introduction of the checklist mortality dropped by 23% and all complications by 40%, but higher-quality studies are required to make the meta-analysis ...
Sepsis Alliance is a patient advocacy non-profit organization [8] funded by contributions from individual donors, corporations, and foundations. In addition to these major sources of funding, Sepsis Alliance is a named beneficiary from several annual fundraisers, and also generates income from sepsis-related materials.