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Intraperitoneal injection or IP injection is the injection of a substance into the peritoneum (body cavity). It is more often applied to non-human animals than to humans. In general, it is preferred when large amounts of blood replacement fluids are needed or when low blood pressure or other problems prevent the use of a suitable blood vessel for intravenous injection.
Veterinarians use intrathoracic injections to deliver medication into the thoracic cavity, or the chest region, and right near the surface of the heart. [28] Intraperitoneal injection is the method of injection where the needle is inserted into the peritoneal cavity, or a region in the lower abdomen.
Intravenous administration, meaning injection into vein, is commonly used in most animals owing to its rapid speed to distribute the drug into the brain and its high reliability. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Whilst there are alternatives like intraperitoneal injection which are less irritating, a larger dose of solution is required to euthanize the animals.
Animal euthanasia (euthanasia from Greek: εὐθανασία; "good death") is the act of killing an animal humanely, most commonly with injectable drugs.Reasons for euthanasia include incurable (and especially painful) conditions or diseases, [1] lack of resources to continue supporting the animal, or laboratory test procedures.
The definition of the topical route of administration sometimes states that both the application location and the pharmacodynamic effect thereof is local. [ 3 ] In other cases, topical is defined as applied to a localized area of the body or to the surface of a body part regardless of the location of the effect.
Such procedures have been grouped together under the technical term 'mutilatory' by the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons in a report describing the reasons for their being conducted and their welfare consequences, [1] and by others. [2] [3] The term mutilatory generally connotes some form of disfigurement or even maiming. There are multiple ...
Preparing a cow for udder surgery in field conditions: the physical restraint with a set of ropes is necessary next to xylazine tranquilisation A cat spay. Veterinary surgery is surgery performed on non-human animals by veterinarians, whereby the procedures fall into three broad categories: orthopaedics (bones, joints, muscles), soft tissue surgery (skin, body cavities, cardiovascular system ...
The liver glutathione values in mice induced by intraperitoneal injection of the ester are superimposable with the GSH levels recorded in untreated mice control group. The mice group treated with an equivalent dose of paracetamol showed a significant decrease of glutathione of 35% (p<0.01 vs untreated control group).