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  2. Ephedrine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ephedrine

    Ephedrine works by inducing the release of norepinephrine and hence indirectly activating the α-and β-adrenergic receptors. [11] Chemically, ephedrine is a substituted amphetamine and is the (1R,2S)-enantiomer of β-hydroxy-N-methylamphetamine. [14] Ephedrine was first isolated in 1885 and came into commercial use in 1926.

  3. Alkaloid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkaloid

    There are alkaloids that do not have strong psychoactive effect themselves, but are precursors for semi-synthetic psychoactive drugs. For example, ephedrine and pseudoephedrine are used to produce methcathinone and methamphetamine. [216] Thebaine is used in the synthesis of many painkillers such as oxycodone.

  4. Precursor chemicals - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Precursor_chemicals

    Drug precursors, also referred to as precursor chemicals or simply precursors, are substances used to manufacture illicit drugs. Most precursors also have legitimate commercial uses and are legally used in a wide variety of industrial processes and consumer products, such as medicines, flavourings, and fragrances.

  5. Amphetamine type stimulant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amphetamine_type_stimulant

    Ephedrine is the precursor of synthetic amphetamines. The diastereomer of ephedrine, pseudoephedrine is found in Ephedra sinica together along with ephedrine. Ephedrine and pseudoephedrine are both generally used for weight reduction and performance enhancement. They can also be reduced to methamphetamine. [2]

  6. History and culture of substituted amphetamines - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_and_culture_of...

    Pseudoephedrine, ephedrine, phenylacetone, and phenylacetic acid are currently DEA list I, and acetic anhydride is list II on the DEA list of chemicals subject to regulation and control measures. This method can involve the use of mercuric chloride and leaves behind mercury and lead environmental wastes. [101]

  7. Phenylpropanolamine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenylpropanolamine

    Ephedrine is the N-methyl analogue of phenylpropanolamine. Exogenous compounds in this family are degraded too rapidly by monoamine oxidase to be active at all but the highest doses. [ 51 ] However, the addition of the α-methyl group allows the compound to avoid metabolism and confer an effect. [ 51 ]

  8. Ephedra (plant) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ephedra_(plant)

    The Ephedra alkaloids, ephedrine and pseudoephedrine – constituents of E. sinica and other members of the genus – have sympathomimetic and decongestant qualities, [22] and have been used as dietary supplements, mainly for weight loss. [23] The drug ephedrine is used to prevent low blood pressure during spinal anesthesia. [22]

  9. L-Norpseudoephedrine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L-Norpseudoephedrine

    L-Norpseudoephedrine, or (−)-norpseudoephedrine, is a psychostimulant drug of the amphetamine family. It is one of the four optical isomers of phenylpropanolamine, the other three being cathine ((+)-norpseudoephedrine), (−)-norephedrine, and (+)-norephedrine; as well as one of the two enantiomers of norpseudoephedrine (the other being cathine). [1]