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Erikson's stages of psychosocial development, as articulated in the second half of the 20th century by Erik Erikson in collaboration with Joan Erikson, [1] is a comprehensive psychoanalytic theory that identifies a series of eight stages that a healthy developing individual should pass through from infancy to late adulthood.
Erik Homburger Erikson (born Erik Salomonsen; 15 June 1902 – 12 May 1994) was a Danish-German-Jewish child psychoanalyst and visual artist known for his theory on psychosocial development of human beings.
The development of the human mind is complex and a debated subject, and may take place in a continuous or discontinuous fashion. [4] Continuous development, like the height of a child, is measurable and quantitative, while discontinuous development is qualitative, like hair or skin color, where those traits fall only under a few specific phenotypes. [5]
Childhood and Society was the first of Erikson's books to become popular. [2] The critic Frederick Crews calls the work "a readable and important book extending Freud's developmental theory." [3] The Oxford Handbook of Identity names Erikson as the seminal figure in "the developmental approach of understanding identity". [4]
Erik Erikson (1902–1994) was the first to use the term generativity. The term generativity was coined by the psychoanalyst Erik Erikson in 1950 to denote "a concern for establishing and guiding the next generation." [1] He first used the term while defining the Care stage in his theory of the stages of psychosocial development.
Erik Erikson and Carl Jung proposed stage theories [2] [3] of human development that encompass the entire life span, and emphasized the potential for positive change very late in life. The concept of adulthood has legal and socio-cultural definitions. The legal definition [4] of an adult is a person who is fully grown or developed.
Therefore, the shear factor m is the cotangent of the shear angle between the former verticals and the x-axis. (In the example on the right the square is tilted by 30°, so the shear angle is 60°.) (In the example on the right the square is tilted by 30°, so the shear angle is 60°.)
Parents can give healthy and wise choices to assist their child to succeed at this stage. [edit] Play age (3 to 6 years) • Psychosocial Crisis: Initiative vs. Guilt Initiative adds to autonomy the quality of undertaking, planning, and attacking a task for the sake of being active and on the move.