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An elevated mitotic index indicates more cells are dividing. In cancer cells, the mitotic index may be elevated compared to normal growth of tissues or cellular repair of the site of an injury. [2] The mitotic index is therefore an important prognostic factor predicting both overall survival and response to chemotherapy in most types of cancer ...
Mitotic indexing is the oldest method of assessing proliferation and is determined by counting the number of mitotic figures (cells undergoing mitosis) through a light microscope on H&E stained sections. It is usually expressed as the number of cells per microscopic field.
Mitotic errors can create aneuploid cells that have too few or too many of one or more chromosomes, a condition associated with cancer. [ 66 ] [ 67 ] Early human embryos, cancer cells, infected or intoxicated cells can also suffer from pathological division into three or more daughter cells (tripolar or multipolar mitosis), resulting in severe ...
If 5 or more mitotic figures are present in 10 high powered fields but the behavior still appears benign, may append “with significant mitotic activity”. Moderate to severe atypia without tumor cell necrosis atypical leiomyoma if < 10 mitotic figures per high power field or; leiomyosarcoma if ≥ 10 mitotic figures per high power field
This parameter assesses how many mitotic figures (dividing cells) the pathologist sees in 10x high power microscope field. One of the hallmarks of cancer is that cells divide uncontrollably. The more cells that are dividing, the worse the cancer.
Pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma (undifferentiated rhabdomyosarcoma), also known as anaplastic rhabdomyosarcoma, is defined by the presence of pleomorphic cells with large, lobate hyperchromatic nuclei and multipolar mitotic figures. These tumors display high heterogeneity and extremely poor differentiation.
Promotion of mitotic catastrophe in cancer cells is an area of cancer therapeutic research that has garnered interest and is seen as a potential target to overcome resistance developed to current chemotherapies. [4] Cancer cells have been found to be more sensitive to mitotic catastrophe induction than non-cancerous cells in the body. [3]
Grading of the tumor sample is a method of classification that helps the doctor to determine the severity of the astrocytoma and to decide on the best treatment options. The neuropathologist grades the tumor by looking for atypical cells, the growth of new blood vessels, and for indicators of cell division called mitotic figures. [citation needed]