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Glaucoma is an eye disease often characterized by increased pressure within the eye or intraocular pressure (IOP). [61] Glaucoma causes visual field loss as well as severs the optic nerve. [62] Early diagnosis and treatment of glaucoma in patients is imperative because glaucoma is triggered by non-specific levels of IOP. [62]
When refractive errors in children are not treated, the child may be at risk of developing ambylopia, where vision may remain permanently blurry. [33] Because young children typically do not complain of blurry vision, the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that children have yearly vision screening starting at three years old so that unknown refractive errors or other ophthalmic ...
Aniseikonia can occur naturally or be induced by the correction of a refractive error, usually anisometropia (having significantly different refractive errors between each eye) or antimetropia (being myopic (nearsighted) in one eye and hyperopic (farsighted) in the other.)
All cycloplegics are also mydriatic (pupil dilating) agents and are used as such during eye examination to better visualize the retina. When cycloplegic drugs are used as a mydriatic to dilate the pupil, the pupil in the normal eye regains its function when the drugs are metabolized or carried away.
Anisometropia is caused by common refractive errors, such as astigmatism, far-sightedness, and myopia, in one eye. [6] Anisometropia is likely the result of both genetic and environmental influences. [7] Some studies suggest, in older adults, developing asymmetric cataracts may cause worsen anisometropia.
Some glaucomas (e.g. open angle glaucoma) cause gradual loss of vision and some others (e.g. angle closure glaucoma) cause sudden loss of vision. [6] It is one of the leading cause of blindness worldwide. [2] Diabetes: Poorly controlled blood sugar can lead to temporary swelling of the lens of the eye, resulting in blurred vision. While it ...
An alternative anatomical cause is a lesion of the abducens nucleus (VI) on one side (resulting in a failure of abduction of the ipsilateral eye and adduction of the contralateral eye = conjugate gaze palsy towards affected side), with interruption of the ipsilateral medial longitudinal fasciculus after it has crossed the midline from its site ...
This causes vision to blur when attempting to view objects from a distance. This may cause pseudomyopia or latent hyperopia. Although antimuscarinic drops (homatropine 5%) can be applied topically to relax the muscle, this leaves the individual without any accommodation and, depending on refractive error, unable to