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Health psychology examines the reciprocal influences of biology, psychology, behavioral, and social factors on health and illness. One application of the biopsychosocial model within health and medicine relates to pain, such that several factors outside an individual's health may affect their perception of pain.
Recent advances in psychological, medical, and physiological research have led to a new way of thinking about health and illness. This conceptualization, which has been labeled the biopsychosocial model, views health and illness as the product of a combination of factors including biological characteristics (e.g., genetic predisposition), behavioral factors (e.g., lifestyle, stress, health ...
In addition, Michel Foucault [10] published The Birth of the Clinic in 1963, in which he developed his theory of the “medical gaze [11] ” referring to how doctors filter patient information into a biomedical paradigm, which focuses solely on biological factors excluding how social, environmental and psychological factors can influence a ...
First, the nurse makes a judgment with regard to the presence or absence of maladaptation. Then, the nurse focuses the assessment on the stimuli influencing the family's maladaptive behaviors. The nurse may need to manipulate the environment, an element or elements of the client system, or both in order to promote adaptation. [3]
The HBM is widely used in health behavior research and public health interventions to understand and promote engagement in health-protective behaviors. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It also incorporates concepts similar to the transtheoretical model like self-efficacy , or confidence in one's ability to take action, and identifies the role of cues to action or ...
the development of systems of medical knowledge and medical care; the patient-physician relationship; the integration of alternative medical systems in culturally diverse environments; the interaction of social, environmental and biological factors which influence health and illness both in the individual and the community as a whole
Psychological factors that affect pain include self-efficacy, anxiety, fear, abuse, life stressors, and pain catastrophizing, which is particularly responsive to behavioral interventions. [7] In addition, one's genetic predisposition to psychological distress and pain sensitivity will affect pain management.
The Andersen healthcare utilization model is a conceptual model aimed at demonstrating the factors that lead to the use of health services. According to the model, the usage of health services (including inpatient care, physician visits, dental care etc.) is determined by three dynamics: predisposing factors, enabling factors, and need.