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The wakefulness-promoting effects of non-selective adenosine receptor antagonists like caffeine appear to be mediated specifically and exclusively by antagonism of the adenosine A 2A receptor. [ 12 ] [ 13 ] There is preliminary clinical evidence that istradefylline has wakefulness-promoting effects similarly to caffeine.
Some of the important clinical interactions of probenecid include those with captopril, indomethacin, ketoprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, cephalosporins, quinolones, penicillins, methotrexate, zidovudine, ganciclovir, lorazepam, and acyclovir. In all these interactions, the excretion of these drugs is reduced due to probenecid, which in turn can ...
When used to treat life-threatening infections, ceftazidime/avibactam is more likely than carbapenem antibiotics to cause serious adverse events, including worsening kidney function and gastrointestinal adverse effects. [13]
Antibiotics by class Generic name Brand names Common uses [4] Possible side effects [4] Mechanism of action Aminoglycosides; Amikacin: Amikin: Infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria, such as Escherichia coli and Klebsiella particularly Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Effective against aerobic bacteria (not obligate/facultative anaerobes) and ...
Sulopenem/probenecid, sold under the brand name Orlynvah, is a fixed-dose combination medication used for the treatment of urinary tract infections. [1] It contains sulopenem, a penem antibacterial, as the prodrug sulopenem etzadroxil; and probenecid, a renal tubular transport inhibitor.
DMPX (3,7-dimethyl-1-propargylxanthine) is a caffeine analog which displays affinity for A 2 adenosine receptors, in contrast to the A 1 subtype receptors. [1] DMPX had 28 times and 15 times higher potency than caffeine in blocking, respectively, the peripheral and central effects of the adenosine agonist NECA.
The name lantibiotics was introduced in 1988 as an abbreviation for "lanthionine-containing peptide antibiotics". [1] The first structures of these antimicrobial agents were produced by pioneering work by Gross and Morell in the late 1960s and early 1970s, thus marking the formal introduction of lantibiotics.
In animal and human studies, it has shown similar efficacy to theophylline but with significantly fewer side effects. [5] In February 2014, the US FDA granted an orphan drug designation to doxofylline for the treatment of bronchiectasis following the submission of an application by Alitair Pharmaceuticals, in May 2013.