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'Independence Avenue') is a 1.4 kilometre (0.87 mi) pedestrian street in the historic Beyoğlu (Pera) district in Istanbul, Turkey. It is one of the most famous avenues in the city. It acquired its modern name after the declaration of the Republic on 29 October 1923, İstiklal (Independence) commemorating Turkey's triumph in its War of ...
Official Records of the Grand National Assembly of The Republic of Turkey on the parliamentary debates and history of the İstiklal Marşı – Zabit Ceridesi – 12.03.1921 (in Turkish) Turkish National Anthem at the 101st Anniversary of the victory at Gallipoli on YouTube (in Turkish) ( archive link )
Erected once again, the edifice burned for the third time in 1767 and was finally rebuilt for the fifth time in 1769. [2] After each catastrophe the icon of the Virgin could always be rescued, and embellishes still today the main altar. [2] Together with St. Anthony of Padua, also on Istiklal Caddesi, and SS.
İstiklal Caddesi (Independence Avenue), a long pedestrian shopping street, ends at this square, and a nostalgic tram runs from the square along the avenue, ending near the Tünel (1875) which is the world's second-oldest subway line after London's Underground (1863). In addition to serving as the main transfer point for the municipal bus ...
İstiklal Avenue, originally known for its taverns, has shifted toward shopping, but the nearby Nevizade Street is still lined with winehouses and pubs. [ 269 ] [ 270 ] Some other neighborhoods around İstiklal Avenue have been revamped to cater to Beyoğlu's nightlife, with formerly commercial streets now lined with pubs, cafes, and ...
Pera became a flourishing trade colony, ruled by a podestà. The Genoese Palace (Palazzo del Comune) was built in 1316 [10] by Montano de Marinis, the Podestà of Galata (Pera), and still remains today in ruins, near the Bankalar Caddesi (Banks Street) in Karaköy, along with its adjacent buildings and numerous Genoese houses from the early ...
Tünel — the upper station on Tünel Square (Tünel Meydanı), located at the southern end of Istiklal Avenue; The upper station stands 61.55 metres (201.9 ft) above the lower one. The gradient of the tunnel varies along its length from 2 percent to 15 percent.
At 17:00, the riots started in Taksim Square, and rippled out during the evening through the old district of Beyoğlu (Pera), with smashing and looting of Greek commercial property, particularly along Yüksek Kaldırım street. By six o'clock at night, many of the Greek shops on Istanbul's main shopping street, İstiklal Avenue, were ransacked ...