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Phi (/ f aɪ /; [1] uppercase Φ, lowercase φ or ϕ; Ancient Greek: ϕεῖ pheî; Modern Greek: φι fi) is the twenty-first letter of the Greek alphabet. In Archaic and Classical Greek (c. 9th to 4th century BC), it represented an aspirated voiceless bilabial plosive ( [pʰ] ), which was the origin of its usual romanization as ph .
The voiceless bilabial fricative is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ɸ , a Latinised form of the Greek letter Phi .
This is a list of letters of the Greek alphabet. The definition of a Greek letter for this list is a character encoded in the Unicode standard that a has script property of "Greek" and the general category of "Letter". An overview of the distribution of Greek letters is given in Greek script in Unicode.
The Greek alphabet has been used to write the Greek language since the late 9th or early 8th century BC. [2] [3] It was derived from the earlier Phoenician alphabet, [4] and is the earliest known alphabetic script to have developed distinct letters for vowels as well as consonants. [5]
The OpenType font format has the feature tag "mgrk" ("Mathematical Greek") to identify a glyph as representing a Greek letter to be used in mathematical (as opposed to Greek language) contexts. The table below shows a comparison of Greek letters rendered in TeX and HTML. The font used in the TeX rendering is an italic style.
The Ancient Greek pronunciation shown here is a reconstruction of the Attic dialect in the 5th century BC. For other Ancient Greek dialects, such as Doric, Aeolic, or Koine Greek, please use |generic=yes. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA ...
The Greek–Spanish Dictionary (DGE) [1] is a recent link in the long chain of European lexicographical tradition of general dictionaries of Ancient Greek, the first of which could be considered the Thesaurus Graecae Linguae of Henri Estienne (a.k.a. Henricus Stephanus, Paris, 1572).
In some word classes, stress position also preserves an older pattern inherited from Ancient Greek according to which a word could not be accented on the third-last syllable if the vowel in the last syllable was long, e.g. άνθρωπος ('man', nominative singular, last vowel short), but ανθρώπων ('of men', genitive plural, last ...