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The rates of fat embolism in long bone fractures vary from 1% to 30%. The mortality rate of fat-embolism syndrome is approximately 10–20%. [ 7 ] However, fat globules have been detected in 67% of those with orthopaedic trauma and can reach as high as 95% if the blood is sampled near the fracture site.
Fat embolism usually occurs when endogenous (from sources within the organism) fat tissue escapes into the blood circulation. The usual cause of fat embolism is therefore the fracture of tubular bones (such as the femur ), which will lead to the leakage of fat tissue within the bone marrow into ruptured vessels.
812 Fracture of humerus; 813 Fracture of radius and ulna; 814 Fracture of carpal bone(s) 815 Fracture of metacarpal bone(s) 816 Fracture of one or more Phalanges of the hand; 817 Multiple fractures of hand bones; 818 Ill-defined fractures of upper limb; 819 Multiple fractures involving both upper limbs, and upper limb with rib(s) and sternum
Fractures of the long bones acutely impair mobility and may require surgery. Hip fracture, in particular, usually requires prompt surgery, as serious risks are associated with it, such as deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. There is also an increased risk of mortality associated with osteoporosis-related hip fracture, with the mean ...
a history of long-term intravenous therapy [1] (for air embolism) Bone fracture (for fat embolism) [4] A septal defect of the heart makes it possible for paradoxical embolization, which happens when a clot in a vein enters the right side of the heart and passes through a hole into the left side. The clot can then move to an artery and cause ...
Dysbaric osteonecrosis or DON is a form of avascular necrosis where there is death of a portion of the bone that is thought to be caused by nitrogen (N 2) embolism (blockage of the blood vessels by a bubble of nitrogen coming out of solution) in divers. [1] Although the definitive pathologic process is poorly understood, there are several ...
An open fracture (or compound fracture) is a bone fracture where the broken bone breaks through the skin. [2] A bone fracture may be the result of high force impact or stress , or a minimal trauma injury as a result of certain medical conditions that weaken the bones, such as osteoporosis , osteopenia , bone cancer , or osteogenesis imperfecta ...
An open fracture, also called a compound fracture, is a type of bone fracture (broken bone) that has an open wound in the skin near the fractured bone. The skin wound is usually caused by the bone breaking through the surface of the skin. An open fracture can be life threatening or limb-threatening (person may be at risk of losing a limb) due ...