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In scientific writing, IMRAD or IMRaD (/ ˈ ɪ m r æ d /) (Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion) [1] is a common organizational structure for the format of a document. IMRaD is the most prominent norm for the structure of a scientific journal article of the original research type.
Part 1 of the manual approaches the process of research and writing. This includes providing "practical advice" to formulate "the right questions, read critically, and build arguments" as well as helping authors draft and revise a paper. [3] Initially added with the seventh edition of the manual, this part is adapted from The Craft of Research ...
Other scientific writing genres include writing literature-review articles (also typically for scientific journals), which summarize the existing state of a given aspect of a scientific field, and writing grant proposals, which are a common means of obtaining funding to support scientific research. Scientific writing is more likely to focus on ...
Although the content of an article is more important than the format, it is customary for scientific articles to follow a standard structure, which varies only slightly in different subjects. Although the IMRAD structure emphasizes the organization of content, and in scientific journal articles, each section (Introduction, Methods, Results, and ...
One of the most common formats for presenting reports is IMRAD—introduction, methods, results, and discussion. This structure, standard for the genre, mirrors traditional publication of scientific research and summons the ethos and credibility of that discipline. Reports are not required to follow this pattern and may use alternative methods ...
The topic of the article must be notable: it must have in-depth coverage in reliable sources that are independent of the topic. If you are connected to the topic, don't write about it. Find another topic instead. Make sure there isn't already an article about the topic. The article you write must include citations to the sources you used.
At the very least, the lead should provide an understandable overview of the article. It should not assume that the reader is well acquainted with the subject of the article. The lead of an article titled "Derivative" should tell a general reader: the field of study of the topic – calculus
Article titles use the scientific or medical name. Write for the average reader and a general audience—not professionals or patients. Explain medical jargon or use plain English instead if possible. Become familiar with the common sections, info boxes and citation templates. Use the highest-quality medical sources available.
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