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Mongolian spot is a congenital developmental condition—that is, one existing from birth—exclusively involving the skin.The blue colour is caused by melanocytes, melanin-containing cells, that are usually located in the surface of the skin (the epidermis), but are in the deeper region (the dermis) in the location of the spot. [6]
Cyanosis is the change of body tissue color to a bluish-purple hue, as a result of decrease in the amount of oxygen bound to the hemoglobin in the red blood cells of the capillary bed. [1] Cyanosis is apparent usually in the body tissues covered with thin skin, including the mucous membranes, lips, nail beds, and ear lobes. [1]
A birthmark is a congenital, benign irregularity on the skin which is present at birth or appears shortly after birth—usually in the first month. Birthmarks can occur anywhere on the skin. [1] They are caused by overgrowth of blood vessels, melanocytes, smooth muscle, fat, fibroblasts, or keratinocytes. Dermatologists divide birthmarks into ...
Livedo reticularis is a common skin finding consisting of a mottled reticulated vascular pattern that appears as a lace-like purplish discoloration of the skin. [1] The discoloration is caused by reduction in blood flow through the arterioles that supply the cutaneous capillaries, resulting in deoxygenated blood showing as blue discoloration ().
The skin weighs an average of four kilograms, covers an area of two square metres, and is made of three distinct layers: the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue. [1] The two main types of human skin are: glabrous skin, the hairless skin on the palms and soles (also referred to as the "palmoplantar" surfaces), and hair-bearing skin. [3]
The blue baby syndrome or cyanosis occurs when absolute amount of deoxygenated hemoglobin > 3g/dL which is typically reflected with an O 2 saturation of < 85 %. [ 1 ] Both of these conditions cause cyanosis, or a bluish discoloration of skin or mucous membranes. [ 4 ] Normally, oxygenated blood appears red and deoxygenated blood has more of a ...
Acrocyanosis is characterized by peripheral cyanosis: persistent cyanosis of the hands, feet, knees, or face. [4] The extremities often are cold and clammy and may exhibit some swelling (especially in warmer weather). [1][2] The palms and soles exhibit a wide range of sweating from moderately moist to profuse, but all peripheral pulses should ...
Blue Fugates. The Fugates, commonly known as the " Blue Fugates " [1] or the " Blue People of Kentucky ", are an ancestral family living in the hills of Kentucky starting in the 19th century, where they are known for having a genetic trait that led to the blood disorder methemoglobinemia, causing the skin to appear blue.