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Dichloromethane (DCM, methylene chloride, or methylene bichloride) is an organochlorine compound with the formula C H 2 Cl 2. This colorless, volatile liquid with a chloroform-like, sweet odor is widely used as a solvent. Although it is not miscible with water, it is slightly polar, and miscible with many organic solvents. [12]
The most important is dichloromethane, which is mainly used as a solvent. Chloromethane is a precursor to chlorosilanes and silicones . Historically significant (as an anaesthetic), but smaller in scale is chloroform, mainly a precursor to chlorodifluoromethane (CHClF 2 ) and tetrafluoroethene which is used in the manufacture of Teflon.
Gas properties Std enthalpy change of formation, Δ f H o gas: −95.52 kJ/mol Standard molar entropy, S o gas: 270.28 J/(mol K) Heat capacity, c p? J/(mol K) van der Waals' constants [7] a = 1244 L 2 kPa/mol 2 b = 0.08689 liter per mole
The difference between the corresponding date and the collection date of the seawater sample is the average age for the water parcel. [71] The age of a parcel of water can also be calculated using the ratio of two CFC partial pressures or the ratio of the SF 6 partial pressure to a CFC partial pressure. [71]
Chloroform, [10] or trichloromethane (often abbreviated as TCM), is an organochloride with the formula C H Cl 3 and a common solvent.It is a volatile, colorless, sweet-smelling, dense liquid produced on a large scale as a precursor to refrigerants and PTFE. [11]
After being released into the air, the atmospheric lifetime of this substance is about 10 months with multiple natural sinks, such as ocean, transport to the stratosphere, soil, etc. [17] [18] [19] On the other hand, when the methyl chloride emitted is released to water, it will be rapidly lost by volatilization .
A solvent is usually a liquid but can also be a solid, a gas, or a supercritical fluid. Water is a solvent for polar molecules, and the most common solvent used by living things; all the ions and proteins in a cell are dissolved in water within the cell. Major uses of solvents are in paints, paint removers, inks, and dry cleaning. [2]
Since it is a gas under most ambient conditions, primary exposure is via inhalation, as opposed to the consumption of contaminated food or water, with occupational hazards being highest. Prior to 1974, workers were commonly exposed to 1,000 ppm vinyl chloride, causing "vinyl chloride illness" such as acroosteolysis and Raynaud's Phenomenon.