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However, it has been proposed that both β 1-adrenergic receptor polymorphisms and autoantibodies could be working together in the development of chronic heart failure. [3] Cardiomyopathy due to autoimmune dysregulation and production of autoantibodies has been seen in humans and reproduced in animal models. [4]
An autoantibody is an antibody (a type of protein) produced by the immune system that is directed against one or more of the individual's own proteins. Many autoimmune diseases (notably lupus erythematosus ) are associated with such antibodies.
Autoimmune autonomic ganglionopathy is a type of immune-mediated autonomic failure that is associated with antibodies against the ganglionic nicotinic acetylcholine receptor present in sympathetic, parasympathetic, and enteric ganglia. Typical symptoms include gastrointestinal dysmotility, orthostatic hypotension, and tonic pupils. [1]
Somatostatin receptor antagonists (or somatostatin inhibitors) are a class of chemical compounds that work by imitating the structure of the neuropeptide somatostatin. The somatostatin receptors are G protein-coupled receptors. Somatostatin receptor subtypes in humans are sstr1, 2A, 2 B, 3, 4 and 5. [1]
Since this activity occurs in the nucleus of the cell ATA is a form of antinuclear antibody. Scleroderma results from the overproduction of collagen in affected tissues, one study claims that there is an increased density of Topoisomerase I sites in the collagen genes, and that the antibodies may be altering transcription at these loci. [7]
It is a non-selective somatostatin receptor antagonist, [37] inhibiting the effects of somatostatin on target cells in the gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, hypothalamus, and central nervous system. [2] Cyclosomatostatin is used as a research chemical to investigate the effects of somatostatin on different cell types by antagonizing its ...
Anti-transglutaminase antibodies (ATA) are autoantibodies against the transglutaminase protein. Detection is considered abnormal, and may indicate one of several conditions. Antibodies serve an important role in the immune system by detecting cells and substances that the rest of the immune system then eliminates.
Autoantibody; Anti-ganglioside Common autoantibody characteristics: Triggering agent(s) Campylobacter jejuni (Major) Mycoplasma pneumoniae (Minor) Coeliac Disease(Rare) Isoform specific : autoantibody characteristics : Autoantigen Isoform: Ganglioside D3 (GD3) Affected Organ(s) Muscle Affected Cells(s) motor nerve terminal (nodes of Ranvier ...