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The interpersonal circle or interpersonal circumplex is a model for conceptualizing, organizing, and assessing interpersonal behavior, traits, and motives. [1][2] The interpersonal circumplex is defined by two orthogonal axes: a vertical axis (of status, dominance, power, ambitiousness, assertiveness, or control) and a horizontal axis (of ...
Awards. Bruno Klopfer Award (2002) Jerry S. Wiggins (1931–2006) was an American personality and clinical psychologist known for developing scales to assess the traits in the circumplex model, [1] writing and editing texts on personality theory [2][3][4] and psychometrics [5][6] and for developing measures of interpersonal behavior. [7]
Machiavellianism has also been located within the interpersonal circumplex, which consists of the two independent dimensions of agency and communion. [144] [85] [145] Agency refers to the motivation to succeed and to individuate the self, whereas communion refers to the motivation to merge with others and to support group interests. [146]
The circumplex model of group tasks was inspired by the circumplex model of emotions, a graphical representation of emotional states (see Emotion classification § Circumplex model) that is usually a circle with unpleasant on the left, pleasant on the right, activation on the top, and deactivation on the bottom. All the other emotions are ...
Psychology. In psychology, trait theory (also called dispositional theory) is an approach to the study of human personality. Trait theorists are primarily interested in the measurement of traits, which can be defined as habitual patterns of behavior, thought, and emotion. [1] According to this perspective, traits are aspects of personality that ...
Herbert "Harry" Stack Sullivan (February 21, 1892 – January 14, 1949) was an American Neo-Freudian psychiatrist and psychoanalyst who held that "personality can never be isolated from the complex interpersonal relationships in which [a] person lives" and that "[t]he field of psychiatry is the field of interpersonal relations under any and all circumstances in which [such] relations exist". [1]
This work led to research on personality's impact on interpersonal interaction, which further led to research on circumplex models. [14] He advanced a stage theory of interpersonal complementarity that prompted a burst of research on the psychotherapy relationship. [15]
Leary's work in academic psychology expanded on the research of Harry Stack Sullivan and Karen Horney, which sought to better understand interpersonal processes to help diagnose disorders. Leary's dissertation developed the interpersonal circumplex model, later published in The Interpersonal Diagnosis of Personality. [38]