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Antique Dutch windmills used to pump water into the embanked river to prevent waterlogging of the lowlands behind them. Waterlogging water is the saturation of soil with water. [1] Soil may be regarded as waterlogged when it is nearly saturated with water much of the time such that its air phase is restricted and anaerobic conditions prevail.
This may cause the following issues: rising water tables; increased storage of groundwater that may be used for irrigation, municipal, household, and drinking water by pumping from wells; waterlogging and drainage problems in villages, agricultural lands, and along roads - with mostly negative consequences. The increased level of the water ...
Such waterlogging preserves perishable artifacts. Thus, in a site which has been waterlogged since the archaeological horizon was deposited, exceptional insight may be obtained by study of artifacts made of leather, wood, textile or similar materials. 75-90% of the archaeological remains at wetland sites are found to be organic material.
The primary man-made cause of salinization is irrigation. River water or groundwater used in irrigation contains salts, which remain in the soil after the water has evaporated . The primary method of controlling soil salinity is to permit 10–20% of the irrigation water to leach the soil, so that it will be drained and discharged through an ...
Employing almost 44% of India's working population, agriculture is one of the most important occupations in India. Consequently, up to 80% of the groundwater in India is used for irrigation. [37] The Indian Agriculture Institute has been promoting the drip irrigation technology to relieve the water scarcity in India for decades. The technology ...
Waterlogging or water logging may refer to: Waterlogging (agriculture), saturation of the soil by groundwater sufficient to prevent or hinder agriculture; Waterlogging (archeology), the exclusion of air from an archeological site by groundwater, preserving artifacts; Underwater logging, the process of harvesting trees that are submerged under water
Waterlogged: Preservation of plant material can also occur when it is deposited in permanently wet, anoxic conditions, because the absence of oxygen prohibits microbial activity. This mode of preservation can occur in deep archaeological features, such as wells, and in lakebed or riverbed sediments adjacent to settlements.
Some human activities that cause damage (either directly or indirectly) to the environment on a global scale include population growth, [11] [12] [13] neoliberal economic policies [14] [15] [16] and rapid economic growth, [17] overconsumption, overexploitation, pollution, and deforestation.