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Hepatitis B is an infectious disease caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) that affects the liver; [1] [6] it is a type of viral hepatitis. [7] It can cause both acute and chronic infection . [ 1 ]
The structure of hepatitis B virus. Hepatitis B virus is a member of the Hepadnavirus family. [11] The virus particle, called Dane particle [12] (), consists of an outer lipid envelope and an icosahedral nucleocapsid core composed of protein.
It was shown to be associated with "serum hepatitis" by A. M. Prince in 1968. [7] The outer membrane of the virion is sometimes extended as a tubular tail on one side of the virus particle (not shown); [2] [3] these virion "tails" are identical to the small particles. [2] [3] The hepatitis B e antigens (shown) are considered not part of the ...
The structure of the Hepatitis B virus as first described by Dane & al. [1] and Jokelainen, Krohn & al. [2] during 1970. The hepatitis B virion is a complex, double shelled, spherical particle with a 42 nm diameter. [1] [2] [3] The 6 nm [2] thick outer viral envelope or membrane contains host-derived lipids and surface proteins, [2] known ...
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Jump ahead another 120 years or so to 1918 when the first flu shot was administered to the U.S. military in an attempt to thwart the Spanish Flu; vaccines that followed include those to combat ...
Hepatitis D is caused by the hepatitis D virus (HDV), or hepatitis delta virus; it belongs to the genus Deltavirus. HDV is similar to a satellite virus as it can only propagate in the presence of the hepatitis B virus, depending on the helper function of HBV for its replication and expression. It has no independent life cycle, but can survive ...
"Long-term" is relative—for instance, flu and COVID-19 shots offer protection for the current season's variants, while hepatitis B vaccinations can last a lifetime.