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The Constitution of Brunei, officially Constitution of the State of Brunei (Malay: Perlembagaan Negeri Brunei; Jawi: ڤرلمباݢاءن نڬري بروني), was created in 1959. [1] Ultimate authority rests with the Sultan, who is both head of state and head of government. In 2004 the Sultan approved a number of amendments to the ...
The Rang Undang-Undang Perlembagaan Negeri Brunei, 'Brunei State Constitution Bill', which was written in Brunei House in Singapore by Panglima Bukit Gantang, was the main focus of the 1957 London Negotiations. The nomination of the Menteri Besar, the State Secretary, and the National Finance Officer were important subjects.
Under Brunei's 1959 constitution, His Majesty Hassanal Bolkiah, is the head of state with full executive authority, including emergency powers since 1962. The Sultan's role is enshrined in the national philosophy known as " Melayu Islam Beraja " (MIB), or Malay Islamic Monarchy .
Under Brunei's 1959 constitution, the Sultan, currently Hassanal Bolkiah, is the head of state with full executive authority. Following the Brunei Revolt of 1962, this authority has included emergency powers , which are renewed every two years, meaning that Brunei has technically been under martial law since then. [ 91 ]
Prior to the independence of Brunei, the state is subject to by the 1959 Brunei Constitution as a British protected state. Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III established five councils—the Religious Council, the Privy Council, the Executive Council, the Legislative Council, and the Council of Succession—in accordance with the 1959 Brunei ...
The period of the State Council came to an end in September 1959 with the adoption of Brunei's first codified Constitution. The Legislative, Executive, and Privy Councils took the role of the council itself. [7] The Legislative Council was established in 1959 by virtue of Article 23 of Brunei's Constitution of 1959.
The Sultan appoints the Speaker through an official Instrument under the Seal of Brunei Darussalam, [3] and while the Speaker may be chosen from among the council members, if no Speaker is appointed or the position is vacant, references to the Speaker in the Constitution are interpreted as references to the prime minister.
With the adoption of Brunei's first written constitution in September 1959, the council period came to an end and the Legislative, Executive, and Privy Councils took its place. However, following a revolt in 1962, the articles of the Constitution were suspended, resulting in continuous emergency government. [26]