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Pregnenolone (P5), or pregn-5-en-3β-ol-20-one, is an endogenous steroid and precursor/metabolic intermediate in the biosynthesis of most of the steroid hormones, including the progestogens, androgens, estrogens, glucocorticoids, and mineralocorticoids. [1]
Pregnanolone, also known as 3α,5β-tetrahydroprogesterone (3α,5β-THP) or as 5β-pregnan-3α-ol-20-one, is a naturally occurring pregnane steroid and a derivative of progesterone.
Pregnenolone, sold under the brand name Enelone among others, is a medication and supplement as well as a naturally occurring and endogenous steroid. [3] [1] [4] [5] [6] It is described as a neurosteroid and anti-inflammatory drug and was used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and soft-tissue rheumatism in the 1950s and is no longer prescribed today, but remains available as a supplement.
For example, in ovarian follicles, cholesterol is converted to androstenedione, an androgen, in the theca cells, which is then further converted into estrogen in the granulosa cells. Fetal adrenal glands also produce pregnenolone in some species, which is converted into progesterone and estrogens by the placenta (see below).
Chemical formula. C 22 H 31 NO 2 Molar mass: ... Pregnenolone 16α-carbonitrile (PCN) is a synthetic, steroidal antiglucocorticoid and pregnane X receptor agonist. [1 ...
5α-Pregnan-17α-ol-3,20-dione is produced by 5α-reduction of 17-OHP. The reaction is catalyzed by SRD5A1 [14] and possibly, SRD5A2 enzymes. [7] While the role of the SRD5A1 enzyme in this reaction is well established, it is unclear whether SRD5A2 is also involved. [13]
17α-Hydroxypregnenolone is a pregnane (C21) steroid that is obtained by hydroxylation of pregnenolone at the C17α position. This step is performed by the mitochondrial cytochrome P450 enzyme 17α-hydroxylase that is present in the adrenal and gonads.
Isopregnanolone, also known as isoallopregnanolone and epiallopregnanolone, as well as sepranolone (INN Tooltip International Nonproprietary Name), and as 3β-hydroxy-5α-pregnan-20-one or 3β,5α-tetrahydroprogesterone (3β,5α-THP), is an endogenous neurosteroid and a natural 3β-epimer of allopregnanolone.