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2 wings: Diptera; 0 wings: Aptera; Despite this key, however, Linnaeus grouped insects together that shared other affinities. His genus Coccus, containing the scale insects, he placed among the 4-winged Hemiptera, along with aphids and other plant-attacking insects, even though females have no wings, and males have two wings. [2]
The wings of Lepidoptera are minutely scaled, which gives the name to this order; the name Lepidoptera was coined in 1735 by Carl Linnaeus for the group of "insects with four scaly wings". It is derived from Ancient Greek lepis (λεπίς) meaning "(fish) scale" (and related to lepein "to peel") and pteron (πτερόν) meaning "wing".
Scales are present on the bodies of various insects. A notable example are the Lepidoptera, the insect order comprising moths and butterflies, which have scales on their wings and on the head, parts of the thorax and abdomen, and parts of the genitalia. The name is derived from Ancient Greek λεπίδος (scale) and πτερόν (wing). [1]
Scales on a luna moth (Actias luna) Generalized structure of a keeled, lanceolate scale from a jumping spider. Butterflies and moths - the order Lepidoptera (Greek "scale-winged") - have membranous wings covered in delicate, powdery scales, which are modified setae. Each scale consists of a series of tiny stacked platelets of organic material ...
The Diptera is a very large and diverse order of mostly small to medium-sized insects. They have prominent compound eyes on a mobile head, and (at most) one pair of functional, membraneous wings, [1] which are attached to a complex mesothorax. The second pair of wings, on the metathorax, are reduced to halteres. The order's fundamental ...
Superfamily Coccoidea (scale insects) cottony cushion scales, giant coccids, and ground pearls (Margarodidae) armoured scales (Diaspididae) cochineal insects (Dactylopiidae) lac scales (Kerriidae, Lacciferidae, Tachardinidae) soft scales ; pit scales (Asterolecaniidae) mealybugs (Pseudococcidae) felted scales (Eriococcidae)
The scales are highly curved, which creates inter-scale reflection. This mechanism is unusual among Lepidoptera. The proximal part of each scale is almost flat; the scale then gradually curves up and then steeply bends down at the distal end, covering the proximal part of the next row of scales.
Eriococcidae are herbivores, like other scale insects. They occur on various hosts including trees, shrubs and grasses, and on most plant parts. [4] Many species produce galls, including Apiomorpha which feed on various species of eucalypt and have a complex life cycle. Species in this genus can produce separate male galls that are induced on ...