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Holstein, an oil drilling platform at Green Canyon in the Gulf of Mexico, approximately 100 miles from land. Offshore drilling is a mechanical process where a wellbore is drilled below the seabed. It is typically carried out in order to explore for and subsequently extract petroleum that lies in rock formations beneath the seabed.
The oil well is created by drilling a long hole into the earth with an oil rig. A steel pipe (casing) is placed in the hole, to provide structural integrity to the newly drilled well bore. Holes are then made in the base of the well to enable oil to pass into the bore.
Some oil wells are drilled with air or foam as the drilling fluid. Mud log in process, a common way to study the lithology when drilling oil wells. The generated rock "cuttings" are swept up by the drilling fluid as it circulates back to the surface inside the casing and outside of the drill pipe.
Sometimes, the process of running in and cementing the casing is also included. After a well has been drilled, should the drilling fluids be removed, the well would eventually close in upon itself. Casing ensures that this will not happen while also protecting the wellstream from outside incumbents, like water or sand. [1] Perforated shoe
Petroleum refinery in Anacortes, Washington, United States. Petroleum refining processes are the chemical engineering processes and other facilities used in petroleum refineries (also referred to as oil refineries) to transform crude oil into useful products such as liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), gasoline or petrol, kerosene, jet fuel, diesel oil and fuel oils.
Simple diagram of a drilling rig and its basic operation. The kelly drive is #19. A kelly drive is a type of well drilling device on an oil or gas drilling rig that employs a section of pipe with a polygonal (three-, four-, six-, or eight-sided) or splined outer surface, which passes through the matching polygonal or splined kelly (mating) bushing and rotary table.
Drilling engineering is a subset of petroleum engineering. [1] Drilling engineers design and implement procedures to drill wells as safely and economically as possible. [1] They work closely with the drilling contractor, service contractors, and compliance personnel, as well as with geologists and other technical specialists.
Deepwater drilling, [1] or deep well drilling, [2] is the process of creating holes in the Earth's crust using a drilling rig for oil extraction under the deep sea. There are approximately 3400 deepwater wells in the Gulf of Mexico with depths greater than 150 meters.