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Operation Grapple was a set of four series of British nuclear weapons tests of early atomic bombs and hydrogen bombs carried out in 1957 and 1958 at Malden Island and Kiritimati (Christmas Island) in the Gilbert and Ellice Islands in the Pacific Ocean (modern Kiribati) as part of the British hydrogen bomb programme.
Edward Teller, perhaps the most ardent supporter of the development of the hydrogen bomb, was in Berkeley, California, at the time of the shot. [32] He was able to receive first notice that the test was successful by observing a seismometer , which picked up the shock wave that traveled through the earth from the Pacific Proving Grounds .
The Tsar Bomba is the single most physically powerful device ever deployed on Earth, the most powerful nuclear bomb tested and the largest human-made explosion in history. [65] For comparison, the largest weapon ever produced by the US, the now-decommissioned B41 , had a predicted maximum yield of 25 Mt (100 PJ).
Developed between 1956 and 1961 as the Soviet Union engaged in a nuclear arms race with the United States, the Tsar Bomba - the King of Bombs - was the largest hydrogen bomb ever and was claimed ...
Orange Herald fireball and subsequent mushroom cloud, film reel captured from a trailing aircraft. Orange Herald was a British nuclear weapon, tested on 31 May 1957.At the time it was reported as an H-bomb, although in fact it was a large boosted fission weapon and remains to date, the largest fission device ever detonated.
The first Ivy shot, codenamed Mike, was the first successful full-scale test of a multi-megaton thermonuclear weapon ("hydrogen bomb") using the Teller-Ulam design. Unlike later thermonuclear weapons, Mike used deuterium as its fusion fuel, maintained as a liquid by an expensive and cumbersome cryogenic system.
The detonation produced a crater 1.9 km (6,200 ft) in diameter and 50 m (160 ft) deep where Elugelab had once been; [9] the blast and water waves from the explosion (some waves up to 6.1 m or 20 ft high) stripped the test islands clean of vegetation, as observed by a helicopter survey within 60 minutes after the test, by which time the mushroom ...
These measurements describe the explosion from 0.1 milliseconds to 16 minutes after the detonation. Observations at Christchurch, New Zealand At the time of the Starfish Prime explosion, the physics department of the University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand, was operating an airglow photometer at a field station near Rolleston ...