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Penis before and after circumcision. Circumcision is the removal of the foreskin, the double-layered fold of skin, mucosal and muscular tissue at the distal end of the human penis. [33] Around half of all circumcisions worldwide are performed for reasons of preventive healthcare; half for religious or cultural reasons.
Phalloplasty (also called penoplasty) [1] is the construction or reconstruction of a penis or the artificial modification of the penis by surgery. The term is also occasionally used to refer to penis enlargement .
A penile implant is an implanted device intended for the treatment of erectile dysfunction, Peyronie's disease, ischemic priapism, deformity and any traumatic injury of the penis, and for phalloplasty or metoidioplasty, including in gender-affirming surgery. Men also opt for penile implants for aesthetic purposes.
Phalloplasty is the process of constructing a penis using a flap (graft) from the patient's arm, thigh, abdomen, or back. [13] Compared to metoidioplasty, phalloplasty provides a larger penis which may more closely resemble a natal penis.
Phalloplasty · Scrotoplasty: Vasectomy · Penectomy · Orchidectomy · Prostatectomy · Posthectomy · Gonadectomy: Vasovasostomy · Vasoepididymostomy: Meatotomy: Circumcision · Foreskin restoration · Orchiopexy · Prostate biopsy: Female reproductive
Surgical methods of foreskin restoration, known as foreskin reconstruction, usually involve a method of grafting skin onto the distal portion of the penile shaft. The grafted skin is typically taken from the scrotum, which contains the same smooth muscle (known as dartos fascia) as does the skin of the penis.
In 1951, Harold Gillies, a plastic surgeon active in World War II, worked to develop the first technique for female-to-male gender-affirming surgery, producing a technique that has become a modern standard, called phalloplasty. [35] Phalloplasty is a cosmetic procedure that produces a visual penis out of grafted tissue from the patient.
Phalloplasty, the construction or reconstruction of a penis; Metoidioplasty, the construction of a penis from a hormonally-enlarged clitoris in female-to-male sex reassignment surgery; Sex reassignment surgery, to alter a person's existing sexual characteristics to resemble those of their identified gender