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A requirement for a robust taste lexicon is for the characteristics to be discriminating and descriptive. For the trait to be descriptive, it must represent the range of variabilities an understanding of the food can present. Contrastly, it must also pinpoint what differentiates the food item from other foods.
Taste is the perception stimulated when a substance in the mouth reacts chemically with taste receptor cells located on taste buds in the oral cavity, mostly on the tongue. Taste, along with the sense of smell and trigeminal nerve stimulation (registering texture, pain, and temperature), determines flavors of food and other substances.
Mouthfeel refers to the physical sensations in the mouth caused by food or drink, making it distinct from taste. It is a fundamental sensory attribute which, along with taste and smell, determines the overall flavor of a food item. [1] [2] Mouthfeel is also sometimes referred to as texture. [2]
Hydrogen atoms from sour foods like lemonade (rich in citric and ascorbic acids) and vinegar (acetic acid) enter taste-receptor cells through a channel created by the newly discovered protein.
Aftertaste is the taste intensity of a food or beverage that is perceived immediately after that food or beverage is removed from the mouth. [1] The aftertastes of different foods and beverages can vary by intensity and over time, but the unifying feature of aftertaste is that it is perceived after a food or beverage is either swallowed or spat out.
The optimum umami taste depends also on the amount of salt, and at the same time, low-salt foods can maintain a satisfactory taste with the appropriate amount of umami. [37] One study showed that ratings of pleasantness, taste intensity, and ideal saltiness of low-salt soups were greater when the soup contained umami, whereas low-salt soups ...
Human food can be classified in various ways, either by related content or by how it is processed. [8] The number and composition of food groups can vary. Most systems include four basic groups that describe their origin and relative nutritional function: Vegetables and Fruit, Cereals and Bread, Dairy, and Meat. [9]
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