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Biphenyl (also known as diphenyl, phenylbenzene, 1,1′-biphenyl, lemonene [4] or BP) is an organic compound that forms colorless crystals. Particularly in older literature, compounds containing the functional group consisting of biphenyl less one hydrogen (the site at which it is attached) may use the prefixes xenyl or diphenylyl.
The industrial synthesis of 4,4′-biphenol was developed by Allan Hay in the 1960s. [2] [3] As the direct oxidative coupling of phenol gives a mixture of isomers, [4] [5] 4,4′-biphenol is instead prepared from 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol, where para-coupling is the only possibility. [3]
4-Cyano-4'-pentylbiphenyl is a commonly used nematic liquid crystal with the chemical formula C 18 H 19 N. It frequently goes by the common name 5CB. 5CB was first synthesized by George William Gray , Ken Harrison, and J.A. Nash at the University of Hull in 1972 and at the time it was the first member of the cyanobiphenyls.
4-Nitrobiphenyl is an organic compound with the formula C 6 H 5 −C 6 H 4 NO 2. It is one of three isomers of nitrobiphenyl and probably the most widely used. It is a precursor to the antioxidant 4-aminobiphenyl. 4-Nitrobiphenyl is readily prepared by nitration of biphenyl. [1] It can also be prepared by cross-coupling reactions. [2]
4-Phenylphenol, also known as biphenyl-4-ol and 4-hydroxybiphenyl is an organic compound. It is a phenol analog of biphenyl. Production
This strategy offers a facile means for preparation of pyridnyl aryl systems that are important fragments of many useful drug scaffolds. Figure 7 In 1992, Robinson and co-workers developed a similar pyridine synthesis using enamino nitriles as one of the three-carbon fragments in place of an α-pyridinium methyl ketone. [ 13 ]
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The methylene group in diphenylmethane is mildly acidic with a pK a of 32.2, and so can be deprotonated with sodium amide. [3](C 6 H 5) 2 CH 2 + NaNH 2 − → (C 6 H 5) 2 CHNa + NH 3. The resulting carbanion can be alkylated.