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Typical gear ratios on bicycles range from very low or light gearing around 20 gear inches (1.6 metres per revolution), via medium gearing around 70 gear inches (5.6 m), to very high or heavy gearing around 125 gear inches (10 m). As in a car, low gearing is for going up hills and high gearing is for going fast.
A gear train or gear set is a machine element of a mechanical system formed by mounting two or more gears on a frame such that the teeth of the gears engage.. Gear teeth are designed to ensure the pitch circles of engaging gears roll on each other without slipping, providing a smooth transmission of rotation from one gear to the next. [2]
An even uniform gear wear is achieved by ensuring the tooth counts of the two gears meshing together are relatively prime to each other; this occurs when the greatest common divisor (GCD) of each gear tooth count equals 1, e.g. GCD(16,25)=1; if a 1:1 gear ratio is desired a relatively prime gear may be inserted in between the two gears; this ...
Epicyclic gearing can be used in a torque multiplier. The sun gear (yellow) is driven by an input torque. The planet gear carrier (green) provides the output torque, while the ring gear (red) is fixed. Note the red marks both before and after the input drive (yellow) is rotated 170° clockwise.
Involute gear teeth are not precisely this shape, due to material allowances like fillets et cetera. The involute gear profile is the most commonly used system for gearing today, with cycloid gearing still used for some specialties such as clocks. In an involute gear, the profiles of the teeth are involutes of a circle.
The comptometer-type calculator was the first machine to receive an all-electronic calculator engine in 1961 (the ANITA mark VII released by Sumlock comptometer of the UK). In 1890 W. T. Odhner got the rights to manufacture his calculator back from Königsberger & C , which had held them since it was first patented in 1878, but had not really ...
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The stepped reckoner was based on a gear mechanism that Leibniz invented and that is now called the Leibniz wheel. It is unclear how many different variants of the calculator were made. Some sources, such as the drawing to the right, show a 12-digit version. [5] This section describes the surviving 16-digit prototype in Hanover. Leibniz wheel