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Optimistic personality (modified from [4]) As with all psychological traits, differences in both dispositional optimism and pessimism [4] and in attributional style [25] are heritable. Both optimism and pessimism are strongly influenced by environmental factors, including the family environment. [4]
One study of 5,187 teenage twins and their siblings suggests that genetics may account for one-third of the variance in whether someone leans toward pessimism vs. optimism, with the remaining variance due to their environment, and twin studies suggest that, when it comes to personality, about half the differences between us are because of ...
Pessimism, on the other hand, is much more common; pessimists are more likely to give up in the face of adversity or to suffer from depression. Seligman invites pessimists to learn to be optimists by thinking about their reactions to adversity in a new way. The resulting optimism—one that grew from pessimism—is a learned optimism.
Radical optimism sits in the middle of this spectrum—you wholly accept your reality while still believing you can overcome life’s obstacles. “You aren't denying or avoiding acknowledgment of ...
Pessimism seemed like an essential feature of being a scientist: the basis of science is to challenge every result, to pick theories apart to see which ones stand up. I thought cynicism was one of ...
As a result, optimism often gets overlooked. However, psychologist and author Morgan Housel thinks being able to balance the two is an underrated ability that Gates’ has mastered—and so could you.
Positive psychology is a field of psychological theory and research of optimal human functioning of people, groups, and institutions. [1] [2] It studies "positive subjective experience, positive individual traits, and positive institutions... it aims to improve quality of life."
The concept of explanatory style encompasses a wide range of possible responses to both positive and negative occurrences, rather than a black-white difference between optimism and pessimism. Also, an individual does not necessarily show a uniform explanatory style in all aspects of life, but may exhibit varying responses to different types of ...