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  2. Pascal's wager - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pascal's_wager

    The wise decision is to wager that God exists, since "If you gain, you gain all; if you lose, you lose nothing", meaning one can gain eternal life if God exists, but if not, one will be no worse off in death than if one had not believed. On the other hand, if you bet against God, win or lose, you either gain nothing or lose everything.

  3. Win–stay, lose–switch - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Win–stay,_lose–switch

    In psychology, game theory, statistics, and machine learning, win–stay, lose–switch (also win–stay, lose–shift) is a heuristic learning strategy used to model learning in decision situations. It was first invented as an improvement over randomization in bandit problems . [ 1 ]

  4. Loss aversion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loss_aversion

    The response to losses is stronger than the response to corresponding gains" is Kahneman's definition of loss aversion. After the first 1979 proposal in the prospect theory framework paper, Tversky and Kahneman used loss aversion for a paper in 1991 about a consumer choice theory that incorporates reference dependence , loss aversion, and ...

  5. Polytheistic myth as psychology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/.../Polytheistic_myth_as_psychology

    According to Hillman, “polytheistic psychology can give sacred differentiation to our psychic turmoil…”. [7] Furthermore, Hillman states that, "The power of myth, its reality, resides precisely in its power to seize and influence psychic life. The Greeks knew this so well, and so they had no depth psychology and psychopathology such as we ...

  6. Atheist's wager - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atheist's_wager

    You may live an evil life without believing in a god, and a benevolent god exists, in which case you go to hell: your loss is infinite. You may live an evil life and believe in a god, but no benevolent god exists, in which case you leave a negative legacy to the world; your loss is finite.

  7. Prospect theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prospect_theory

    Daniel Kahneman, who won the 2002 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics for his work developing prospect theory. Prospect theory is a theory of behavioral economics, judgment and decision making that was developed by Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky in 1979. [1]

  8. Good and evil - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Good_and_evil

    According to the classical definition of Augustine of Hippo, sin is "a word, deed, or desire in opposition to the eternal law of God." [ 15 ] Many medieval Christian theologians both broadened and narrowed the basic concept of Good and evil until it came to have several, sometimes complex definitions [ 16 ] such as:

  9. Pyrrhic victory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyrrhic_victory

    James G. Blaine finally gained the 1884 Republican nomination for U.S. president on his third attempt: "Another victory like this and our money's gone!". A Pyrrhic victory (/ ˈ p ɪr ɪ k / ⓘ PIRR-ik) is a victory that inflicts such a devastating toll on the victor that it is tantamount to defeat. [1]