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The Toba eruption (also called the Toba supereruption and the Youngest Toba eruption) was a supervolcanic eruption that occurred about 74,000 years ago, during the Late Pleistocene, [2] at the site of present-day Lake Toba, in Sumatra, Indonesia.
Location of Lake Toba shown in red on map. The Toba eruption (the Toba event) occurred at what is now Lake Toba about 73,700±300 years ago. [15] It was the last in a series of at least four caldera-forming eruptions at this location, with the earlier known caldera having formed around 1.2 million years ago. [16]
The 1991 eruption of Mount Pinatubo, the largest eruption since 1912, is dwarfed by the eruptions in this list. ... Lake Toba Caldera—Youngest Toba Tuff 0.073:
Shadai eruption 6 Towada Honshū: 10 61 eruption episode Q 6 Newberry Volcano: Cascade Volcanic Arc > 12.5 62.5 Olema tephra, Paulina tephra 6 Hakone: Honshū: 20 66 Hakone-Tokyo Pumice 6 Akademia Nauk: Kamchatka: 12.5 69.4 Odnoboky O2 tuffs 6 Los Humeros: Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt 37 69 Zaragoza Tuff 6 Los Humeros
Tianchi eruption, Paektu Mountain, border of North Korea and China: 946 AD: 6: 40 to 98 km 3 (9.6 to 23.5 cu mi) of tephra [37] Also known as Millennium Eruption of Changbaishan Eldgjá eruption, Laki system, Iceland: 934–940 AD: 6: Estimated 18 km 3 (4.3 cu mi) of lava [38] Estimated 219 million tons of sulfur dioxide were emitted [39]
The 1902 eruption of Mount Pelée completely devastated the island, destroying St. Pierre and leaving only 3 survivors. [35] The eruption was directly preceded by lava dome growth. [24] Mayon Volcano, the Philippines most active volcano. It has been the site of many different types of eruptions, Peléan included.
The controversial Toba catastrophe theory, presented in the late 1990s to early 2000s, suggested that a bottleneck of the human population occurred approximately 75,000 years ago, proposing that the human population was reduced to perhaps 10,000–30,000 individuals [14] when the Toba supervolcano in Indonesia erupted and triggered a major ...
The separation was caused by a large eruption that filled the lowland between Weh and the rest of the mainland with sea water in the Pleistocene epoch. The largest volcano of Sumatra is the supervolcano Toba within the 100 km (62 mi) × 30 km (19 mi) Lake Toba, which was created after a caldera collapse (est. in 74,000 Before Present). [2]