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  2. Euclidean space - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euclidean_space

    Euclidean space is the fundamental space of geometry, intended to represent physical space. Originally, in Euclid's Elements, it was the three-dimensional space of Euclidean geometry, but in modern mathematics there are Euclidean spaces of any positive integer dimension n, which are called Euclidean n-spaces when one wants to specify their ...

  3. Flat (geometry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flat_(geometry)

    Particularly, in the case the parent space is Euclidean, a flat is a Euclidean subspace which inherits the notion of distance from its parent space. In an n -dimensional space , there are k -flats of every dimension k from 0 to n ; flats one dimension lower than the parent space, ( n − 1) -flats, are called hyperplanes .

  4. Space (mathematics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subspace_(mathematics)

    A subspace is a subset of the parent space which retains the same structure. While modern mathematics uses many types of spaces, ... Euclidean axioms [b] ...

  5. Hyperplane - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperplane

    In geometry, a hyperplane of an n-dimensional space V is a subspace of dimension n − 1, or equivalently, of codimension 1 in V.The space V may be a Euclidean space or more generally an affine space, or a vector space or a projective space, and the notion of hyperplane varies correspondingly since the definition of subspace differs in these settings; in all cases however, any hyperplane can ...

  6. Euclidean planes in three-dimensional space - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euclidean_planes_in_three...

    In Euclidean geometry, a plane is a flat two-dimensional surface that extends indefinitely. Euclidean planes often arise as subspaces of three-dimensional space. A prototypical example is one of a room's walls, infinitely extended and assumed infinitesimal thin.

  7. Subspace - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subspace

    Linear subspace, in linear algebra, a subset of a vector space that is closed under addition and scalar multiplication; Flat (geometry), a Euclidean subspace; Affine subspace, a geometric structure that generalizes the affine properties of a flat; Projective subspace, a geometric structure that generalizes a linear subspace of a vector space

  8. Non-Hausdorff manifold - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-Hausdorff_manifold

    For each origin the subspace obtained from by replacing with is an open neighborhood of homeomorphic to . [1] Since every point has a neighborhood homeomorphic to the Euclidean line, the space is locally Euclidean.

  9. Retraction (topology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retraction_(topology)

    In topology, a branch of mathematics, a retraction is a continuous mapping from a topological space into a subspace that preserves the position of all points in that subspace. [1] The subspace is then called a retract of the original space. A deformation retraction is a mapping that captures the idea of continuously shrinking a space into a ...