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Mao's parents altogether had five sons and two daughters. Two of the sons and both daughters died young, leaving the three brothers Mao Zedong, Mao Zemin, and Mao Zetan. Like all three of Mao Zedong's wives, Mao Zemin and Mao Zetan were communists. Like Yang Kaihui, both Mao Zemin and Mao Zetan were killed in warfare during Mao Zedong's lifetime.
Mao Zedong called for the "Four Olds"—Old Customs, Old Culture, Old Habits, and Old Ideas— to be destroyed. The task fell largely on Red Guards, who heeded Mao's call to burn and destroy cultural artifacts, Chinese literature, paintings, and religious symbols and temples. People in possession of these goods were punished.
Mao Zedong was the chairman of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) which took control of China in 1949 until his death in September 1976. During this time, he instituted several reform efforts, the most notable of which were the Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution. In January 1958, Mao launched the second five-year plan, which was ...
[2] In 1957, Mao Zedong gave an influential speech to senior CPC officials in which he stated that 700,000 had been killed from 1950 and 1952, and another 70,000 to 80,000 from 1953 to 1956, for a total of 770,000-780,000. [21] Some historians, such as Daniel Chirot, claim that Mao Zedong estimated that 2,000,000 to 3,000,000 had been killed. [22]
Administering several provinces in the southwest, Deng proved so zealous in killing alleged counter-revolutionaries that even the chairman felt obliged to write to him. Mao urged Deng Xiaoping to slow down the campaign's body count, saying: If we kill too many, we will forfeit public sympathy and a shortage of labor power will arise. —
Mao Zedong reading People's Daily (1961). Local party leaders, for their part, conspired to cover up shortfalls and reassign blame in order to protect their own lives and positions. [ 77 ] [ 115 ] Mao was kept unaware of some of the starvation of villagers in the rural areas who were suffering, as the birth rate began to plummet and deaths ...
The Four Pests Campaign is representative of many of the overarching themes of Mao's Great Leap Forward. In order to expedite China's industrialization, and to achieve a socialist utopia, Mao sought to utilize China's natural and human resources. In this future utopia, cleanliness and hygiene would be critical. [14]
Launched by Mao Zedong and CCP. Three-anti and Five-anti campaigns: 1951–1952 Nationwide 100,000+ Exact death toll is unknown. In Shanghai alone, from 25 January to 1 April 1952, at least 876 people committed suicide. [37] [38] [39] Launched by Mao Zedong and CCP. 1954 Cathay Pacific Douglas DC-4 shootdown: 1954, 23 July