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The Charter was officially adopted on Sunday 26 June 1955 at a gathering of about 3,000 people, known as the Congress of the People in Kliptown, Soweto. [4] [5] [6] The meeting was broken up by police on the second day, although by then the Charter had been read in full. The crowd had shouted its approval of each section with cries of "Africa!"
The delegates then returned home to report back to their communities or organisations to spread the adoption of the Freedom Charter. [4]: 80 By the end of 1955, 156 leading Congress Alliance activists were arrested and tried for treason in the 1956 Treason Trial; the Charter itself was used as evidence and eventually declared illegal. [2]
This group, who became known as the Congress Alliance, developed the document known as the Freedom Charter and planned the Congress of the People, a large multi-racial gathering held over two days at Kliptown on 26 June 1955. At this rally, the Charter was read out in three languages (English, Sotho and Xhosa), and discussed by various ...
Walter Sisulu Square, formally known as the Walter Sisulu Square of Dedication, is located in the heart of Kliptown in Soweto, South Africa. [1]This location was the site where, on 26 June 1955, the Congress of the People, met to draw up the Freedom Charter, an alternative vision to the repressive policies of the apartheid state.
She also organized the meetings for the adoption of the Freedom Charter in Kliptown in 1955. During the ‘State of Emergency’ in the 1960s, Maggie was recruited into the ANC's underground cell as she was often questioned by the police. In 1962 the ANC smuggled her and her children to join her husband, Robert, in exile.
The 1955 Freedom Charter, which Mandela had helped create, called for the nationalisation of banks, gold mines and land, to ensure equal distribution of wealth. [394] Despite these beliefs, Mandela initiated a programme of privatisation during his presidency in line with trends in other countries of the time. [ 395 ]
[1]: 890 They contributed to the Congress of the People in 1955, where the Freedom Charter was drawn up, by submitting a document called What Women Demand which addressed needs such as child care provisions, housing, education, equal pay, and equal rights with men in regard to property, marriage and guardianship of children.
Extended 'treason trial' of 156 activists (including Nelson Mandela) involved in the Freedom Charter. Severed diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union. Died in office. 6 Hendrik Frensch Verwoerd (1901–1966) MP for Heidelberg, Transvaal Province: 2 September 1958 6 September 1966 8 years, 4 days — (12th) 1961 (13th) 1966 (14th) National Party