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Aquaculture can also be defined as the breeding, growing, and harvesting of fish and other aquatic plants, also known as farming in water. It is an environmental source of food and commercial products that help to improve healthier habitats and are used to reconstruct the population of endangered aquatic species.
Mariculture, sometimes called marine farming or marine aquaculture, [1] is a branch of aquaculture involving the cultivation of marine organisms for food and other animal products, in seawater. Subsets of it include ( offshore mariculture ), fish farms built on littoral waters ( inshore mariculture ), or in artificial tanks , ponds or raceways ...
Fishery can mean either the enterprise of raising or harvesting fish and other aquatic life [1] or, more commonly, the site where such enterprise takes place (a.k.a., fishing grounds). [2] Commercial fisheries include wild fisheries and fish farms , both in freshwater waterbodies (about 10% of all catch) and the oceans (about 90%).
The implications of transmitting pathogens between such farmed species and wild species "remains a large and unanswered question". [27] Spreading of pathogens between fish stocks is a major issue in disease control. [27] Static offshore cages may help minimize direct spreading, as there may be greater distances between aquaculture production areas.
The harvesting of wild seafood is usually known as fishing or hunting, while the cultivation and farming of seafood is known as aquaculture and fish farming (in the case of fish). Most of the seafood harvest is consumed by humans, but a significant proportion is used as fish food to farm other fish or rear farm animals .
Fish farming or pisciculture involves commercial breeding of fish, most often for food, in fish tanks or artificial enclosures such as fish ponds. It is a particular type of aquaculture , which is the controlled cultivation and harvesting of aquatic animals such as fish, crustaceans , molluscs and so on, in natural or pseudo-natural environments.
The aquaculture of salmonids is the farming and harvesting of salmonid fish under controlled conditions for both commercial and recreational purposes. Salmonids (particularly salmon and rainbow trout), along with carp and tilapia, are the three most important fish groups in aquaculture. [2]
World capture fisheries and aquaculture production by species group [1]. The global commercial production for human use of fish and other aquatic organisms occurs in two ways: they are either captured wild by commercial fishing or they are cultivated and harvested using aquacultural and farming techniques.