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Poaceae, also known as the true grasses, is the fourth largest plant family in the world with around 12,000 species and roughly 800 genera. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] They contain, among others, the cereal crop species and other plants of economic importance, such as the bamboos , and several important weeds .
The earliest fossils attributed to the Poales date to the late Cretaceous period about 66 million years ago, though some studies (e.g., Bremer, 2002) suggest the origin of the group may extend to nearly 115 million years ago, likely in South America. The earliest known fossils include pollen and fruits.
Inflorecence scheme and floral diagram. 1 – glume, 2 – lemma, 3 – awn, 4 – palea, 5 – lodicules, 6 – stamens, 7 – ovary, 8 – styles. Flowers of Poaceae are characteristically arranged in spikelets, each having one or more florets. [8]: 12 The spikelets are further grouped into panicles or spikes. The part of the spikelet that ...
Acrogymnospermae; Scientific name Common name Family FIA Code (US) Conservation status Conifers; Araucariaceae: monkey-puzzle family; Agathis: kauri ; Agathis australis: kauri; New Zealand kauri
Maize (Zea mays, Poaceae) is the most widely cultivated C 4 plant.[1]In botany, C 4 carbon fixation is one of three known methods of photosynthesis used by plants. C 4 plants increase their photosynthetic efficiency by reducing or suppressing photorespiration, which mainly occurs under low atmospheric CO 2 concentration, high light, high temperature, drought, and salinity.
The Pooideae are the largest subfamily of the grass family Poaceae, with about 4,000 species in 15 tribes and roughly 200 genera. They include some major cereals such as wheat, barley, oat, rye and many lawn and pasture grasses. They are often referred to as cool-season grasses, because they are distributed in temperate climates. [1]
Poa [2] is a genus of about 570 species of grasses, native to the temperate regions of both hemispheres. Common names include meadow-grass (mainly in Europe and Asia), bluegrass (mainly in North America), tussock (some New Zealand species), and speargrass. Poa is Greek for 'fodder'. Poa are members of the subfamily Pooideae of the family Poaceae.
The name Kentucky bluegrass derives from its flower heads, which are blue when the plant is allowed to grow to its natural height of 60 to 90 cm (2 to 3 feet). [9] Poa pratensis is the type species of the grass family Poaceae. There are two ill-defined subspecies: Poa pratensis subsp. pratensis – temperate regions; Poa pratensis subsp ...