Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
At maturity, ovaries secrete estrogen, androgen, [13] [14] inhibin, and progestogen. [15] [16] [2] In women before menopause, 50% of testosterone is produced by the ovaries and released directly into the blood stream. The other 50% of testosterone in the blood stream is made from conversion of the adrenal pre-androgens ( DHEA and ...
In response to GnRH stimulation these cells produce LH and FSH, which travel into the blood stream. [3] These two hormones play an important role in communicating to the gonads. In females FSH and LH act primarily to activate the ovaries to produce estrogen and inhibin and to regulate the menstrual cycle and ovarian cycle.
Hormones can be amino acid complexes, steroids, eicosanoids, leukotrienes, or prostaglandins. [3] The endocrine system is contrasted both to exocrine glands, which secrete hormones to the outside of the body, and to the system known as paracrine signalling between cells over a relatively short distance.
As with most things related to the reproductive system, folliculogenesis is controlled by the endocrine system. Five hormones participate in an intricate process of positive and negative feedback to regulate folliculogenesis. They are: gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secreted by the hypothalamus; two gonadotropins:
The balance between the two hormones shifts, too. “Before menopause, the main hormone is estrogen, and after menopause, androgens like testosterone become more prevalent,” Stanhiser says.
The anterior pituitary complex and hypophyseal portal system, where FSH and LH are released. Theca cells are responsible for synthesizing androgens, providing signal transduction between granulosa cells and oocytes during development by the establishment of a vascular system, providing nutrients, and providing structure and support to the follicle as it matures.
The gonads are controlled by luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), produced and secreted by gonadotropes or gonadotrophins in the anterior pituitary gland. [4] This secretion is regulated by gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) produced in the hypothalamus. [5] [6]
Some estrogens are also produced in smaller amounts by other tissues such as the liver, pancreas, bone, adrenal glands, skin, brain, adipose tissue, [97] and the breasts. [98] These secondary sources of estrogens are especially important in postmenopausal women. [99] The pathway of estrogen biosynthesis in extragonadal tissues is different.