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The European potato failure was a food crisis caused by potato blight that struck Northern and Western Europe in the mid-1840s. The time is also known as the Hungry Forties . While the crisis produced excess mortality and suffering across the affected areas, particularly affected were the Scottish Highlands , with the Highland Potato Famine and ...
The Great Famine, also known as the Great Hunger (Irish: an Gorta Mór [ənˠ ˈɡɔɾˠt̪ˠə ˈmˠoːɾˠ]), the Famine and the Irish Potato Famine, [1] [2] was a period of mass starvation and disease in Ireland lasting from 1845 to 1852 that constituted a historical social crisis and had a major impact on Irish society and history as a ...
His inaction and personal negative attitude towards the Irish people are widely believed to have slowed relief for the famine. [6] In discussing policy for the Highland Potato Famine on 20 September 1846, Trevelyan wrote: "The people cannot, under any circumstances, be allowed to starve." The italics appear in the original document.
An 1849 depiction of Bridget O'Donnell and her two children during the famine. The chronology of the Great Famine (Irish: An Gorta Mór [1] or An Drochshaol, lit. ' The Bad Life ') documents a period of Irish history between 29 November 1845 and 1852 [2] during which time the population of Ireland was reduced by 20 to 25 percent. [3]
Another famine took place in 1832. [1] 1844 saw the destruction of much of the grain and potato crop due to severe rains and resulting flooding. [2] Skowronek notes that the resulting famine affected the next for years, up to 1848. [1] 1845 saw potato blight according to Grodziski, although Kieniewicz writes that that year saw more flooding ...
The first known outbreak of the potato blight, Phytophthora infestans, occurred in the eastern United States in 1843. [4] As the blight spread to the north, it also crossed the ocean, reaching the potato fields of Ireland in September 1845, [5] three months before completing its journey along the American coast and arriving on the Southern Shore of Newfoundland.
The Irish Lumper is a varietal white potato of historic interest. It has been identified as the variety of potato whose widespread cultivation throughout Ireland , prior to the 1840s, is implicated in the Irish Great Famine in which an estimated 1 million died.
[1]: 47–48 Nevertheless, population levels increased steadily through the 18th and early 19th centuries. This increase continued through nearly all of the time of the clearances, peaking in 1851, at around 300,000. [1]: 400 [e] Emigration was part of Highland history before and during the clearances, and reached its highest level after them.