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Visible patterns in nature are governed by physical laws; for example, meanders can be explained using fluid dynamics. In biology , natural selection can cause the development of patterns in living things for several reasons, including camouflage , [ 26 ] sexual selection , [ 26 ] and different kinds of signalling, including mimicry [ 27 ] and ...
The recursive nature of some patterns is obvious in certain examples—a branch from a tree or a frond from a fern is a miniature replica of the whole: not identical, but similar in nature. Similarly, random fractals have been used to describe/create many highly irregular real-world objects, such as coastlines and mountains.
A pattern is a regularity in the world, in human-made design, [1] or in abstract ideas. As such, the elements of a pattern repeat in a predictable manner. A geometric pattern is a kind of pattern formed of geometric shapes and typically repeated like a wallpaper design. Any of the senses may directly observe patterns.
An aperiodic tiling uses a small set of tile shapes that cannot form a repeating pattern (an aperiodic set of prototiles). A tessellation of space, also known as a space filling or honeycomb, can be defined in the geometry of higher dimensions. A real physical tessellation is a tiling made of materials such as cemented ceramic squares or hexagons.
Geometry (from Ancient Greek γεωμετρία (geōmetría) ' land measurement '; from γῆ (gê) ' earth, land ' and μέτρον (métron) ' a measure ') [1] is a branch of mathematics concerned with properties of space such as the distance, shape, size, and relative position of figures. [2] Geometry is, along with arithmetic, one of the ...
There also exist three-dimensional solid shapes each of which, when viewed from a certain angle, appears the same as the 2-dimensional depiction of the Penrose triangle on this page (such as – for example – the adjacent image depicting a sculpture in Perth, Australia). The term "Penrose Triangle" can refer to the 2-dimensional depiction or ...
The compound figure comprising two such dual tetrahedra form a stellated octahedron or stella octangula. Its interior is an octahedron , and correspondingly, a regular octahedron is the result of cutting off, from a regular tetrahedron, four regular tetrahedra of half the linear size (i.e., rectifying the tetrahedron).
Many of these problems are easily solvable provided that other geometric transformations are allowed; for example, neusis construction can be used to solve the former two problems. In terms of algebra , a length is constructible if and only if it represents a constructible number , and an angle is constructible if and only if its cosine is a ...