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h. The starting position of chess. The opening is the initial stage of a chess game. It usually consists of established theory. The other phases are the middlegame and the endgame. [ 1 ] Many opening sequences, known as openings, have standard names such as " Sicilian Defense ".
The game of chess is commonly divided into three phases: the opening, middlegame, and endgame. [ 1 ] There is a large body of theory regarding how the game should be played in each of these phases, especially the opening and endgame. Those who write about chess theory, who are often also eminent players, are referred to as "chess theorists " or ...
London System. The London System is an opening system in chess where White opens with 1.d4 and develops the dark-squared bishop to f4, then supports the d4-pawn with pawns on e3 and c3. The other bishop is developed to d3 (or occasionally e2) and the knights typically to f3 and d2. This set-up often results in a closed game.
The Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings (ECO) is a reference work describing the state of opening theory in chess, originally published in five volumes from 1974 to 1979 by the Yugoslavian company Šahovski Informator (Chess Informant). It is currently undergoing its fifth edition. ECO may also refer to the opening classification system used by the ...
The English Opening is a chess opening that begins with the move: 1. c4. A flank opening, it is the fourth most popular [1] [2] and, according to various databases, one of the four most successful of White's twenty possible first moves. [1] [3] White begins the fight for the centre by staking a claim to the d5-square from the wing, in ...
The Najdorf Variation[1] (/ ˈnaɪdɔːrf / NY-dorf) of the Sicilian Defence is one of the most popular, reputable, and deeply studied of all chess openings. [2][3] Modern Chess Openings calls it the "Cadillac" or "Rolls-Royce" of chess openings. [4] The opening is named after the Polish-Argentine grandmaster Miguel Najdorf, although he was not ...
Opening theory is concerned with finding the best moves in the initial phase of the game. There are dozens of different openings, and hundreds of variants. The Oxford Companion to Chess lists 1,327 named openings and variants. [23] Middlegame theory is usually divided into chess tactics and chess strategy. Chess strategy concentrates on setting ...
The Scotch Game, or Scotch Opening, is a chess opening that begins with the moves: . 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. d4. Ercole del Rio, in his 1750 treatise Sopra il giuoco degli Scacchi, Osservazioni pratiche d’anonimo Autore Modenese ("On the game of Chess, practical Observations by an anonymous Modenese Author"), was the first author to mention what is now called the Scotch Game. [1]