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  2. Tawhid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tawhid

    Tawhid[ a ] (Arabic: تَوْحِيد‎, romanized:tawḥīd, lit. 'oneness [of God]') is the concept of monotheism in Islam. [ 2 ]Tawhid is the religion's central and single most important concept, upon which a Muslim's entire religious adherence rests. It unequivocally holds that God is indivisibly one (ahad) and single (wahid). [ 3 ][ 4 ]

  3. Shirk (Islam) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shirk_(Islam)

    The word shirk comes from the Arabic root sh - r - k (ش ر ك), with the general meaning of 'to share'. [ 10 ] In the context of the Quran, the particular sense of 'sharing as an equal partner' is usually understood, so that polytheism means 'attributing a partner to God'. In the Quran, shirk and the related word mushrikūn (مشركون ...

  4. Islamic view of the Trinity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_view_of_the_Trinity

    Islamic view of the Trinity. A drawing of the phrase "There is no god except God." In Christianity, the doctrine of the Trinity states that God is a single essence in which three distinct hypostases ("persons"): the Father, the Son, the Holy Spirit, exist consubstantially and co-eternally as a perichoresis. Islam considers the concept of any ...

  5. Kitab al-Tawhid (Al-Maturidi) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kitab_al-Tawhid_(Al-Maturidi)

    Kitab al-Tawhid (Arabic: كتاب التوحيد, lit. 'The Book of Monotheism ') is a Sunni theological book, and the primary source of the Maturidi school of thought; written by the Hanafi scholar Abu Mansur al-Maturidi (d. 333 AH/944 CE). Kitab al-Tawhid is monumental work which expounded the tenets and beliefs of the Ahl al-Sunna wa al-Jama ...

  6. The Idea of Idolatry and the Emergence of Islam - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Idea_of_Idolatry_and...

    The Idea of Idolatry and the Emergence of Islam is a 1999 book in the field of Quranic studies published by G. R. Hawting.The book explores the Quranic conception of paganism and idolatry and how it has been understood, or perhaps misunderstood, through the lenses of later Islamic tradition, especially major works such as the Book of Idols of Hisham ibn al-Kalbi, as well as other sirah ...

  7. Abrahamic religions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abrahamic_religions

    Usage. [edit] The term Abrahamic religions (and its variations) is a collective religious descriptor for elements shared by Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. [ 9 ] It features prominently in interfaith dialogue and political discourse, but also has entered Academic discourse. [ 10 ][ 11 ] However, the term has also been criticized to be ...

  8. Neoplatonism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neoplatonism

    Neoplatonism is a version of Platonic philosophy that emerged in the 3rd century AD against the background of Hellenistic philosophy and religion. [1][note 1][note 2] The term does not encapsulate a set of ideas as much as a series of thinkers. Among the common ideas it maintains is monism, the doctrine that all of reality can be derived from a ...

  9. Islam - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam

    t. e. Islam[ a ] is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion centered on the Quran and the teachings of Muhammad, the religion's founder. Adherents of Islam are called Muslims, who are estimated to number approximately 1.9 billion worldwide and are the world's second-largest religious population after Christians.