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Glycolipid. Glycolipids are lipids with a carbohydrate attached by a glycosidic (covalent) bond. [1] Their role is to maintain the stability of the cell membrane and to facilitate cellular recognition, which is crucial to the immune response and in the connections that allow cells to connect to one another to form tissues. [2]
A glycoprotein is a compound containing carbohydrate (or glycan) covalently linked to protein. The carbohydrate may be in the form of a monosaccharide, disaccharide (s). oligosaccharide (s), polysaccharide (s), or their derivatives (e.g. sulfo- or phospho-substituted).
Dinutuximab (Ch14.18, tradename Unituxin) and dinutuximab beta (tradename Qarziba) are monoclonal antibodies used as a second-line treatment for children with high-risk neuroblastoma. Each antibody is made of both mouse and human components and targets glycolipid GD2, expressed on neuroblastoma cells and on normal cells of neuroectodermal ...
GD2 is a disialoganglioside expressed on tumors of neuroectodermal origin, including human neuroblastoma and melanoma, with highly restricted expression on normal tissues, principally to the cerebellum and peripheral nerves in humans. The relatively tumor-specific expression of GD2 makes it a suitable target for immunotherapy with monoclonal ...
Ganglioside. A ganglioside is a molecule composed of a glycosphingolipid (ceramide and oligosaccharide) with one or more sialic acids (e.g. N -acetylneuraminic acid, NANA) linked on the sugar chain. NeuNAc, an acetylated derivative of the carbohydrate sialic acid, makes the head groups of gangliosides anionic at pH 7, which distinguishes them ...
Not to be confused with glycolipid. Lipopolysaccharide, now more commonly known as endotoxin, [ 1 ] is a collective term for components of the outermost membrane of cell envelope of gram-negative bacteria, such as E. coli and Salmonella [ 2 ] with a common structural architecture. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are large molecules consisting of ...
A blood type (also known as a blood group) is a classification of blood, based on the presence and absence of antibodies and inherited antigenic substances on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs). These antigens may be proteins, carbohydrates, glycoproteins, or glycolipids, depending on the blood group system.
Appearance. Lipoarabinomannan, also called LAM, is a glycolipid, and a virulence factor associated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacteria responsible for tuberculosis. Its primary function is to inactivate macrophages and scavenge oxidative radicals. The inactivation of macrophages allows for the dissemination of mycobacteria to other ...
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