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However, photochromic compounds are the necessary building blocks for light driven molecular motors and machines. [2] Upon irradiation with light, photoisomerization about double bonds in the molecule can lead to changes in the cis- or trans- configuration. [3] These photochromic molecules are being considered for a range of applications.
Perhaps the simplest optical waveguide is the dielectric slab waveguide, [2] also called a planar waveguide. [3] Owing to their simplicity, slab waveguides are often used as toy models but also find application in on-chip devices like arrayed waveguide gratings and acousto-optic filters and modulators .
Aria was formed in Japan in 1956 by Shiro Arai as "Arai & Co., Inc". [1] [2] They began retailing acoustic guitars in 1960, although the company did not start manufacturing their own until 1964. Aria arranged for Matsumoku, the musical instrument maker, to build the guitars for them under contract. Aria and Matsumoku started building acoustic ...
Photochromism is the reversible change of color upon exposure to light. It is a transformation of a chemical species (photoswitch) between two forms by the absorption of electromagnetic radiation (photoisomerization), where the two forms have different absorption spectra. [1] [2]
Light guide LEDs using plastic light guides on a network switch The technology was rendered obsolete by the development of light-emitting diodes (LED) in the 1970s, though lightguide tubes are still used in electronics manufacturing, in situations where it is difficult to place an LED in the appropriate physical location on a display or bezel.
Hirotake Arai's son Michio had spent time in the United States, [2] recognizing a potential market for their helmets (which was dominated by Bell at the time). Arai was approached by New Jersey–based motorsport accessory retailer Roger Weston, [3] [4] [5] who later managed the Arai Helmet Americas division, [6] with a goal to recruit an American racer from the Daytona 200 to wear an Arai helmet.
Arai Helmet (アライ), a Japanese motorcycle helmet manufacturer ARAI ( Automotive Research Association of India ), an R&D, Certification & Regulatory body in India. Organisations
For the simplified scenario of visible light travelling from air (n 0 ≈ 1.0) into common glass (n S ≈ 1.5), the value of R is 0.04, or 4%, on a single reflection. So at most 96% of the light (T = 1 − R = 0.96) actually enters the glass, and the rest is reflected from the surface. The amount of light reflected is known as the reflection loss.