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Sulfuryl fluoride (also spelled sulphuryl fluoride) is an inorganic compound with the formula SO 2 F 2. It is an easily condensed gas and has properties more similar to sulfur hexafluoride than sulfuryl chloride , being resistant to hydrolysis even up to 150 °C. [ 3 ]
In chemistry, a sulfonyl halide consists of a sulfonyl (>S(=O) 2) group singly bonded to a halogen atom. They have the general formula RSO 2 X, where X is a halogen. The stability of sulfonyl halides decreases in the order fluorides > chlorides > bromides > iodides, all four types being well known. The sulfonyl chlorides and fluorides are of ...
The sulfonyl functional group (RS(O) 2 R') has become an important electron-withdrawing group for modern organic chemistry. α-Sulfonyl carbanions may be used as nucleophiles in alkylation reactions, Michael-type additions, and other processes. [3] After having served their synthetic purpose, sulfonyl groups are often removed.
The reactions are stoichiometric or catalytic. In the McLoughlin-Thrower reaction (1962) iodobenzene reacts with trifluoroiodomethane (CF 3 I) and copper powder in dimethylformamide at 150 °C to trifluoromethylbenzene. The intermediate in this reaction type is a perfluoromethyl-metal complex.
Trimethylsilyl enol ethers react with NfF in the presence of a substoichiometric fluoride source at 0 °C to ambient temperature to give alkenyl nonaflates in moderate to good yields. Dried tetra-n-butylammonium fluoride was the preferred fluoride source in one study, [6] but CsF has been used in difficult cases with excellent results. [7]
Copper(II) fluoride or cupric fluoride is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula CuF 2. The anhydrous form is a white, ionic , crystalline, hygroscopic salt with a distorted rutile -type crystal structure , similar to other fluorides of chemical formulae MF 2 (where M is a metal).
Reactions of elemental fluorine with metals require diverse conditions that depend on the metal. Often, the metal (such as aluminium, iron, or copper) must be powdered because many metals passivate by forming protective layers of the metal fluoride that resist further fluoridation. [7]
Like oxide, fluoride is a highly basic anion [19] and is known to stabilize metal ions in high oxidation states. Both copper(III) and even copper(IV) fluorides are known, K 3 CuF 6 and Cs 2 CuF 6, respectively. [1] Some copper proteins form oxo complexes, which also feature copper(III). [20]