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Aerobic exercise, also known as cardio, is physical exercise [1] of low to high intensity that depends primarily on the aerobic energy-generating process. [2] " Aerobic" is defined as "relating to, involving, or requiring oxygen", [ 3 ] and refers to the use of oxygen to meet energy demands during exercise via aerobic metabolism adequately. [ 4 ]
In 1968, he published Aerobics, which included exercise programs using running, walking, swimming and bicycling. At the time the book was published there was increasing awareness of the need for increased exercise due to widespread weakness and inactivity. Cooper published a mass-market version The New Aerobics in 1979. [1] [2]
In 1968, he published Aerobics, which included exercise programs using running, walking, swimming and bicycling. At the time the book was published there was increasing awareness of the need for increased exercise due to widespread weakness and inactivity. Cooper published a mass-market version The New Aerobics in 1979. [10] [11]
Scoring of the Léger test starts from 1. That is, at the end of the very first shuttle, the participant has scored 1.1. A variation has scoring starting from 0; at the end of the first shuttle, the runner has achieved 0.1. The impact of this variation is purely administrative: just add or subtract 1 level to convert scores.
V̇O 2 max (also maximal oxygen consumption, maximal oxygen uptake or maximal aerobic capacity) is the maximum rate of oxygen consumption attainable during physical exertion. [1] [2] The name is derived from three abbreviations: "V̇" for volume (the dot over the V indicates "per unit of time" in Newton's notation), "O 2" for oxygen, and "max" for maximum and usually normalized per kilogram of ...
Aerobic means "requiring air," in which "air" usually means oxygen. Aerobic may also refer to Aerobic exercise, prolonged exercise of moderate intensity; Aerobics, a form of aerobic exercise; Aerobic respiration, the aerobic process of cellular respiration; Aerobic organism, a living thing with an oxygen-based metabolism
For promoting aerobics through Step Reebok, Miller was named IDEA Fitness Instructor of the Year in 1991. [30] Step aerobics programs were soon developed by Jazzercise, Kathy Smith, Jane Fonda, Molly Fox, and New Zealand health club founder Les Mills. The year 1995 was the peak of step aerobics, with 11.4 million practitioners. [3]
The aerobic threshold (AeT or AerT) is sometimes defined equivalently to the lactate threshold (LT); as the exercise intensity at which blood lactate concentrations rise above resting levels. [8] In contrast, at the anaerobic threshold (AnT) the exercise is at an intensity beyond which blood lactate concentration is linearly related to exercise ...